Journal article
Excitation functions for (p,x) reactions of niobium in the energy range of E-p=40-90 MeV
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section B, Beam interactions with materials and atoms, Vol.429, pp.53-74
08/15/2018
DOI: 10.1016/j.nimb.2018.05.028
Abstract
A stack of thin Nb foils was irradiated with the 100 MeV proton beam at Los Alamos National Laboratory's Isotope Production Facility, to investigate the Nb-93(p,4n)Mo-90 nuclear reaction as a monitor for intermediate energy proton experiments and to benchmark state-of-the-art reaction model codes. A set of 38 measured cross sections for Nb-nat(p,x) and Cu-nat(p,x) reactions between 40-90 MeV, as well as 5 independent measurements of isomer branching ratios, are reported. These are useful in medical and basic science radionuclide productions at intermediate energies. The Cu-nat(p,x)Co-56, Cu-nat(p,x)Zn-62, and Cu-nat(p,x)Zn-65 reactions were used to determine proton fluence, and all activities were quantified using HPGe spectrometry. Variance minimization techniques were employed to reduce systematic uncertainties in proton energy and fluence, improving the reliability of these measurements. The measured cross sections are shown to be in excellent agreement with literature values, and have been measured with improved precision compared with previous measurements. This work also reports the first measurement of the Nb-nat(p,x)Rb-82m reaction, and of the independent cross sections for Cu-nat(p,x)Mn-52g and Nb-nat(p,x)Y-85g in the 40-90 MeV region. The effects of Si-nat(p,x)Na-22,Na-24 contamination, arising from silicone adhesive in the Kapton tape used to encapsulate the aluminum monitor foils, is also discussed as a cautionary note to future stacked-target cross section measurements. A priori predictions of the reaction modeling codes CoH, EMPIRE, and TALYS are compared with experimentally measured values and used to explore the differences between codes for the Nb-nat(p,x) and Cu-nat(p,x) reactions.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Excitation functions for (p,x) reactions of niobium in the energy range of E-p=40-90 MeV
- Creators
- Andrew S. Voyles - University of California, BerkeleyLee A. Bernstein - University of California, BerkeleyEva R. Birnbaum - Los Alamos National LaboratoryJonathan W. Engle - University of Wisconsin–MadisonStephen A. Graves - Univ Iowa, Dept Radiat Oncol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USAToshihiko Kawano - Los Alamos National LaboratoryAmanda M. Lewis - Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USAFrancois M. Nortier - Los Alamos National Laboratory
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section B, Beam interactions with materials and atoms, Vol.429, pp.53-74
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.nimb.2018.05.028
- ISSN
- 0168-583X
- eISSN
- 1872-9584
- Publisher
- Elsevier
- Number of pages
- 22
- Grant note
- U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission DE-AC02-05CH11231 / U.S. Nuclear Data Program U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Naval Reactors Division of the U.S. Department of Energy; United States Department of Energy (DOE) United States Department of Energy, Office of Science via the Isotope Development and Production for Research and Applications sub-program in the Office of Nuclear Physics
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 08/15/2018
- Academic Unit
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering; Radiology; Radiation Oncology
- Record Identifier
- 9984383298302771
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