Journal article
Executive Function Processes Predict Mobility Outcomes in Older Adults
Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (JAGS), Vol.62(2), pp.285-290
02/2014
DOI: 10.1111/jgs.12654
PMCID: PMC3927159
PMID: 24521364
Abstract
Objectives
To examine the relationship between performance on executive function measures and subsequent mobility outcomes in community‐dwelling older adults.
Design
Randomized controlled clinical trial.
Setting
Champaign‐Urbana, Illinois.
Participants
Community‐dwelling older adults (N = 179; mean age 66.4).
Intervention
A 12‐month exercise trial with two arms: an aerobic exercise group and a stretching and strengthening group.
Measurements
Established cognitive tests of executive function (flanker task, task switching, and a dual‐task paradigm) and the Wisconsin card sort test. Mobility was assessed using the timed 8‐foot up and go test and times to climb up and down a flight of stairs.
Methods
Participants completed the cognitive tests at baseline and the mobility measures at baseline and after 12 months of the intervention. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to determine whether baseline executive function predicted postintervention functional performance after controlling for age, sex, education, cardiorespiratory fitness, and baseline mobility levels.
Results
Selective baseline executive function measurements, particularly performance on the flanker task (β = 0.15–0.17) and the Wisconsin card sort test (β = 0.11–0.16) consistently predicted mobility outcomes at 12 months. The estimates were in the expected direction, such that better baseline performance on the executive function measures predicted better performance on the timed mobility tests independent of intervention.
Conclusion
Executive functions of inhibitory control, mental set shifting, and attentional flexibility were predictive of functional mobility. Given the literature associating mobility limitations with disability, morbidity, and mortality, these results are important for understanding the antecedents to poor mobility function that well‐designed interventions to improve cognitive performance can attenuate.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Executive Function Processes Predict Mobility Outcomes in Older Adults
- Creators
- Neha P Gothe - University of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignJason Fanning - University of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignElizabeth Awick - University of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignDavid Chung - University of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignThomas R Wójcicki - University of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignErin A Olson - University of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignSean P Mullen - University of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignMichelle Voss - University of IowaKirk I Erickson - University of PittsburghArthur F Kramer - University of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignEdward McAuley - University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (JAGS), Vol.62(2), pp.285-290
- DOI
- 10.1111/jgs.12654
- PMID
- 24521364
- PMCID
- PMC3927159
- NLM abbreviation
- J Am Geriatr Soc
- ISSN
- 0002-8614
- eISSN
- 1532-5415
- Number of pages
- 6
- Grant note
- National Institute on Aging (AG025667)
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 02/2014
- Academic Unit
- Psychological and Brain Sciences; Iowa Neuroscience Institute
- Record Identifier
- 9984070513102771
Metrics
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