Journal article
Exposure to Bisphenol A, Bisphenol F, and Bisphenol S in U.S. Adults and Children: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2014
ACS omega, Vol.3(6), pp.6523-6532
2018
DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00824
PMCID: PMC6028148
PMID: 29978145
Abstract
Bisphenol F (BPF) and bisphenol S (BPS) are replacing bisphenol A (BPA) in the manufacturing of products containing polycarbonates and epoxy resins. Data on current human exposure levels of these substitutes are needed to aid in the assessment of their human health risks. This study analyzed urinary bisphenol levels in adults (N = 1808) and children (N = 868) participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2014 and investigated demographic and lifestyle factors associated with urinary levels of bisphenols. BPA, BPS, and BPF were detected in 95.7, 89.4, and 66.5% of randomly selected urine samples analyzed as part of NHANES 2013-2014, respectively. Median levels of BPA in U.S. adult were higher (1.24 μg/L) than BPF and BPS levels (0.35 and 0.37 μg/L, respectively). For children, median BPA levels were also higher (1.25 μg/L) than BPF and BPS levels (0.32 and 0.29 μg/L, respectively). The limits of detection for BPA, BPF, and BPS were 0.2, 0.2, and 0.1 μg/L, respectively. Urinary levels showed associations with gender, race/ethnicity, family income, physical activity, smoking, and/or alcohol intake that depended on the specific bisphenol. The results of this study indicate that exposure of the general U.S. population to BPA substitutes is almost ubiquitous. Because exposures differ across the U.S. population, further studies of environmental, consumer, and lifestyle factors affecting BPF and BPS exposures are warranted.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Exposure to Bisphenol A, Bisphenol F, and Bisphenol S in U.S. Adults and Children: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2014
- Creators
- Hans Joachim LehmlerBuyun LiuManuel GadogbeWei Bao
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- ACS omega, Vol.3(6), pp.6523-6532
- DOI
- 10.1021/acsomega.8b00824
- PMID
- 29978145
- PMCID
- PMC6028148
- NLM abbreviation
- ACS Omega
- ISSN
- 2470-1343
- eISSN
- 2470-1343
- Grant note
- DOI: 10.13039/100000066, name: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, award: P30 ES005605
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 2018
- Academic Unit
- Occupational and Environmental Health; Epidemiology; Iowa Neuroscience Institute; Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center
- Record Identifier
- 9983995181002771
Metrics
32 Record Views