Journal article
Factors Associated with Seronegative Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection in HIV Infection
Clinical infectious diseases, Vol.44(4), pp.577-583
02/15/2007
DOI: 10.1086/511038
PMCID: PMC3170414
PMID: 17243063
Abstract
Background. Chronic seronegative hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is defined as being HCV antibody (anti-HCV) negative, but HCV RNA positivity occurs in individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, associated factors are not well established because of the small number of reported cases. Methods. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of HIV-infected subjects from 4 cohorts (Tien et al., 2006; Bonacini et al., 2001; George et al., 2002; and Hall et al., 2004) determined factors associated with HCV RNA positivity in anti-HCV—negative subjects. HCV enzyme immunoassay 2.0 was used to determine anti-HCV status. Results. Among 1174 anti-HCV—negative, HIV-infected subjects, the prevalence of seronegative HCV infection was 3.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.2%–4.3%). History of injection drug use (IDU; OR, 5.8; 95% CI, 2.7–12.8), higher alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level (OR, 2.0 per doubling; 95% CI, 1.3–3.2), and CD4 cell count <200 cells/µL (OR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.1–4.8) were associated with HCV RNA positivity in anti-HCV—negative subjects. Among those with a history of IDU who had either a CD4 cell count <200 cells/µL or an ALT level greater than the upper limit of normal, the prevalence of seronegative HCV infection was 24% (95% CI, 13%–39%). Conclusions. Detectable HCV RNA in the context of a negative HCV enzyme immunoassay 2.0 result in HIV-infected patients is low, but higher than the reported prevalence in HIV-uninfected patients. Our findings suggest that HCV RNA testing should be performed in anti-HCV—negative, HIV-infected patients, especially those with a history of IDU and either a CD4 cell count <200 cells/µL or an abnormal ALT level.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Factors Associated with Seronegative Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection in HIV Infection
- Creators
- Gabriel Chamie - Department of Medicine, University of California, San FranciscoMaurizio Bonacini - California Pacific Medical Center, San FranciscoDavid R Bangsberg - Department of Medicine, University of California, San FranciscoJack T Stapleton - Department of Medicine, University of Iowa and Iowa City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IowaChristopher Hall - California STD/HIV Prevention Training Center, Oakland, CaliforniaE. Turner Overton - Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MissouriRebecca Scherzer - Metabolism, San FranciscoPhyllis C Tien - Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Clinical infectious diseases, Vol.44(4), pp.577-583
- Publisher
- The University of Chicago Press
- DOI
- 10.1086/511038
- PMID
- 17243063
- PMCID
- PMC3170414
- ISSN
- 1058-4838
- eISSN
- 1537-6591
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 02/15/2007
- Academic Unit
- Microbiology and Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Internal Medicine
- Record Identifier
- 9984094670402771
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