Factors associated with early childhood caries incidence among high caries-risk children

Tariq Ghazal; Steven M Levy; Noel K Childers; Barbara Broffitt; Gary R Cutter; Howard W Wiener; Mirjam C Kempf; John Warren; Joseph E Cavanaugh

doi:10.1111/cdoe.12161

Journal article

Factors associated with early childhood caries incidence among high caries-risk children

Tariq Ghazal, Steven M Levy, Noel K Childers, Barbara Broffitt, Gary R Cutter, Howard W Wiener, Mirjam C Kempf, John Warren and Joseph E Cavanaugh

Community dentistry and oral epidemiology, Vol.43(4), pp.366-374

08/2015

DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12161

PMCID: PMC4911172

PMID: 25777317

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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4911172View

Open Access

Abstract

To assess the relationships between different behavioral factors and Early Childhood Caries (ECC) in African-American pre-school children. Ninety-six African-American children aged 3-22 months old at baseline were recruited from a high caries risk, non-fluoridated African-American community in Uniontown, Alabama. The children had dental examinations annually following World Health Organization (WHO) criteria at mean ages 1.1, 2.0, 3.1 and 4.0 years. All children received fluoride varnish application at each study visit. Parents provided oral hygiene and dietary information semiannually by completing questionnaires. Area-under-the-curve (AUC) with the trapezoidal rule was used to summarize longitudinal exposure data. Bivariate and multivariable relationships between ECC incidence and behavioral risk factors were assessed using logistic regression and negative binomial modeling for dichotomous and count dependent variables, respectively, with the independent variables defined at age 1, age 3 and as the AUC. Greater frequency of toothbrushing and greater AUC composite of daily frequency of consumption of 100% juices were associated with lower incidence of dental caries (P-values = 0.01 and 0.049, ORs = 0.34 and 0.37, respectively). Greater AUC of daily frequency of consumption of sweetened foods and history of a previous visit to a dentist by age 3 were associated with greater incidence of ECC (ORs = 9.22 and 4.57, P-values = 0.002 and 0.03, respectively). For these children living in a non-fluoridated community, more frequent consumption of sweetened food, less frequent consumption of 100% juice, less frequent toothbrushing, and reporting a previous visit to a dentist were significantly associated with greater ECC incidence.

Dietary Carbohydrates - administration & dosage

Age Factors

Dental Caries - etiology

Fruit and Vegetable Juices - utilization

Humans

Risk Factors

Child, Preschool

Infant

Logistic Models

Male

Fluorides, Topical - therapeutic use

Toothbrushing - statistics & numerical data

Incidence

Dental Caries - epidemiology

Alabama - epidemiology

Female

Dental Caries - prevention & control

Dietary Carbohydrates - adverse effects

Longitudinal Studies

Details

Title: Subtitle: Factors associated with early childhood caries incidence among high caries-risk children
Creators: Tariq Ghazal - Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
Steven M Levy - Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
Noel K Childers - Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
Barbara Broffitt - Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
Gary R Cutter - Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
Howard W Wiener - Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
Mirjam C Kempf - School of Nursing and Department of Health Behavior, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
John Warren - Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
Joseph E Cavanaugh - Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Community dentistry and oral epidemiology, Vol.43(4), pp.366-374
DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12161
PMID: 25777317
PMCID: PMC4911172
NLM abbreviation: Community Dent Oral Epidemiol
ISSN: 0301-5661
eISSN: 1600-0528
Publisher: Denmark
Grant note: R01 DE016684 / NIDCR NIH HHS
Language: English
Date published: 08/2015
Academic Unit: Statistics and Actuarial Science; Preventive and Community Dentistry; Epidemiology; Biostatistics; Injury Prevention Research Center
Record Identifier: 9983985956902771

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