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Factors associated with high pain intensity during wound care procedures: A model
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

Factors associated with high pain intensity during wound care procedures: A model

Sue E Gardner, Linda I Abbott, Catherine A Fiala and Barbara A Rakel
Wound repair and regeneration, Vol.25(4), pp.558-563
08/2017
DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12553
PMCID: PMC5831166
PMID: 28805960
url
https://doi.org/10.1111/wrr.12553View
Published (Version of record) Open Access

Abstract

The most common wound care procedures (WPCs) performed on open wounds are dressing changes and wound cleansing. Dressing changes cause moderate to severe pain in 74% of patients, nearly half (36%) of whom experience severe pain (rated as 8-10 on a 10-point numeric rating scale). The purpose of this paper is to propose a model of clinically accessible factors that can be tested in order to develop a clinical tool to identify which patients are likely to experience high intensity pain during nonoperative WCPs, such as dressing changes. Although multiple factors are known to be associated with pain, the factors selected for this model were limited to those that (1) are supported based on evidence and/or pain mechanisms and (2) are readily accessible to clinicians/practitioners and can be tested as a prediction tool to be used prior to WCPs. This model may be helpful to identify those likely to experience high intensity pain during WCPs. In this way, use of aggressive pain management strategies, including specialty dressings, pharmacologic analgesics, and/or non-pharmacological strategies, such as high intensity transcutaneous electrical stimulation.

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