Feasibility of treating neuroendocrine prostate cancer with anti-SSTR radioligands: A systematic review of imaging and treatment studies

Parya Valizadeh; Payam Jannatdoust; Mehrnoosh Shahgholianghahfarokhi; Pedram Heidari; Yusuf Menda; Ahmad Shariftabrizi

doi:10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2026.05.004

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Feasibility of treating neuroendocrine prostate cancer with anti-SSTR radioligands: A systematic review of imaging and treatment studies

Journal article

Peer reviewed

Feasibility of treating neuroendocrine prostate cancer with anti-SSTR radioligands: A systematic review of imaging and treatment studies

Parya Valizadeh, Payam Jannatdoust, Mehrnoosh Shahgholianghahfarokhi, Pedram Heidari, Yusuf Menda and Ahmad Shariftabrizi

Seminars in nuclear medicine

06/09/2026

DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2026.05.004

PMID: 42264967

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Abstract

To review clinical evidence on somatostatin receptor (SSTR) targeted imaging and SSTR directed radioligand therapy in neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC). A PRISMA guided search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science was performed on September 14, 2025. Two reviewers screened studies and extracted data. Risk of bias was appraised using Joanna Briggs Institute tools. Synthesis was descriptive. Of 1937 records, 41 studies were included (4 prospective cohorts and 37 case reports or series). Case reports or series reported 80 patients with SSTR imaging. Cohort studies used 111In based SSTR scintigraphy (three cohorts) or 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT (one cohort) and reported SSTR uptake in a minority of patients with heterogeneity across metastatic sites. In patient level reports, SSTR imaging was positive in 61/80 cases (76.3%). Common tracers were 68Ga-DOTATATE (27/80), 68Ga-DOTANOC (17/80), 111In-octreotide or 111In-pentetreotide (14/80), and 18F-AlF-NOTA-octreotide (10/80). PSMA imaging was available in 27 cases; SSTR uptake was present in 11/14 PSMA negative cases. Ten patients in nine reports received SSTR directed PRRT, most often 177Lu-DOTATATE, with symptom benefit and imaging and/or biomarker improvement frequently described; toxicity reporting was limited. SSTR expression in NEPC is heterogeneous. SSTR imaging can support phenotyping and selection for SSTR directed therapy in selected patients, including PSMA low disease, but prospective validation with standardized reporting is needed.

Computed Tomography

Prostatic neoplasms

Radiopharmaceuticals

Positron emission tomography

Somatostatin receptors

Neuroendocrine tumors

Details

Title: Subtitle: Feasibility of treating neuroendocrine prostate cancer with anti-SSTR radioligands: A systematic review of imaging and treatment studies
Creators: Parya Valizadeh - University of Iowa
Payam Jannatdoust - University of Iowa
Mehrnoosh Shahgholianghahfarokhi - University of Iowa
Pedram Heidari - Harvard University
Yusuf Menda - University of Iowa
Ahmad Shariftabrizi - University of Iowa
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Seminars in nuclear medicine
DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2026.05.004
PMID: 42264967
NLM abbreviation: Semin Nucl Med
ISSN: 1558-4623
eISSN: 1558-4623
Publisher: Elsevier
Language: English
Electronic publication date: 06/09/2026
Academic Unit: Radiology; Radiation Oncology
Record Identifier: 9985172992802771

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