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Fetal alcohol syndrome: Craniofacial and central nervous system manifestations
Journal article   Peer reviewed

Fetal alcohol syndrome: Craniofacial and central nervous system manifestations

Virginia P Johnson, Victor W Swayze, Yutaka Sato and Nancy C Andreasen
American journal of medical genetics, Vol.61(4), pp.329-339
02/02/1996
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-8628(19960202)61:4<329::AID-AJMG6>3.0.CO;2-P
PMID: 8834044

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Abstract

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is undertaken on fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) subjects to document central nervous system (CNS) anomalies. The abnormalities found include agenesis and hypoplasia of the corpus callosum, cavum septi pellucidi, cavum vergae, ventriculomegaly, hypoplasia of inferior olivary eminences, small brain stem, and micrencephaly. Craniofacial anomalies range from the well‐recognized FAS physiognomy to the more severe frontonasal “dysplasia” (median cleft face). CNS and craniofacial abnormalities are predominantly symmetric and central or midline. The association of these anomalies becomes self‐evident with recognition of the concept of the midline as a special developmental field, vulnerable to adverse factors during embryogenesis and fetal growth and development. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
cavum septi pellucidi median cleft face MRI cavum vergae agenesis of the corpus callosum frontonasal dysplasia midline developmental field defect

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