Journal article
FoxP2 brainstem neurons project to sodium appetite regulatory sites
Journal of chemical neuroanatomy, Vol.42(1), pp.1-23
09/2011
DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2011.05.003
PMCID: PMC3148274
PMID: 21605659
Abstract
► The transcription factor FoxP2 is found in salt-sensitive brainstem neurons. ► These neurons are localized in the pre-locus coeruleus and parabrachial nucleus. ► Their outputs target the basal forebrain, extended amygdala, and diencephalon. ► The densest projection was to the hypothalamus. ► These data provide a neuroanatomical framework for studying salt appetite.
The transcription factor Forkhead box protein 2 (FoxP2) is expressed in two cell groups of the brainstem that have been implicated in sodium appetite regulation: the pre-locus coeruleus (pre-LC) and parabrachial nucleus – external lateral-inner subdivision (PBel-inner). Because the connections of these two groups are unknown, neuroanatomical tracing methods were used to define their central projections. The pre-LC outputs were first analyzed using an anterograde axonal tracer –Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHAL) to construct a brain map. Next, we examined whether the FoxP2 immunoreactive (FoxP2+) neurons of the pre-LC contribute to these projections using a retrograde neuronal tracer – cholera toxin β-subunit (CTb). CTb was injected into selected brain regions identified in the anterograde tracing study. One week later the rats were killed, and brainstem sections were processed by a double immunohistochemical procedure to determine whether the FoxP2+ neurons in the pre-LC and/or PBel-inner contained CTb. FoxP2+ pre-LC neurons project to: (1) ventral pallidum; (2) substantia innominata and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis; (3) paraventricular, central medial, parafascicular, and subparafascicular parvicellular thalamic nuclei; (4) paraventricular (PVH), lateral, perifornical, dorsomedial (DMH), and parasubthalamic hypothalamic nuclei; and (5) ventral tegmental area (VTA), periaqueductal gray matter (PAG), dorsal and central linear raphe nuclei. FoxP2+ PBel-inner neurons project to the PVH and DMH, with weaker connections to the LHA, VTA, and PAG. Both the pre-LC and PBel-inner project to central sites implicated in sodium appetite, and related issues, including foraging behavior, hedonic responses to salt intake, sodium balance, and cardiovascular regulation, are discussed.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- FoxP2 brainstem neurons project to sodium appetite regulatory sites
- Creators
- Jung-Won ShinJoel C GeerlingMatthew K SteinRebecca L MillerArthur D Loewy
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Journal of chemical neuroanatomy, Vol.42(1), pp.1-23
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2011.05.003
- PMID
- 21605659
- PMCID
- PMC3148274
- NLM abbreviation
- J Chem Neuroanat
- ISSN
- 0891-0618
- eISSN
- 1873-6300
- Publisher
- Elsevier B.V
- Grant note
- name: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health, award: HL025449; name: Bakewell Imaging Center Fund; DOI: 10.13039/100000002, name: National Institutes of Health, award: NS057105; name: Neuroscience Blueprint Core Grant
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 09/2011
- Academic Unit
- Neurology; Iowa Neuroscience Institute
- Record Identifier
- 9984020609702771
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