Journal article
From Free Pastures to Penned in: The Within-Person Effects of Psychological Reactance on Side-Hustlers' Hostility and Initiative in Full-Time Work
Journal of applied psychology, Vol.108(12), pp.1979-1997
12/01/2023
DOI: 10.1037/apl0001115
PMID: 37523298
Abstract
Multiple jobholding is increasingly common, particularly among full-time employees who have adopted side-hustles-income-generating work from the gig economy that is performed alongside full-time work. A distinguishing feature of side-hustles is substantial autonomy in the work's timing, location, and method. This autonomy has typically been portrayed as beneficial. We shift this consensus by developing a within-person model that suggests elevated side-hustle autonomy-relative to what is typical for that person-sets the employee on a course to feel "boxed in" by their full-time job. Drawing on psychological reactance theory, we argue that elevated autonomy in a side-hustle sensitizes employees to threats that restrict their control. As these employees shift to full-time work, we theorize that this sensitivity is associated with feelings of hostility that contribute to counterproductive behavior. We also propose, however, that side-hustle autonomy has benefits for full-time work-motivating employees to reassert control through increased initiative, thereby enhancing task performance. We explore the countervailing relationships between side-hustle autonomy and full-time work outcomes with a daily experience sampling study (ESM) of 101 full-time employees with side-hustles and their coworkers (Study 1) and a weekly ESM study of 100 full-time employees with side-hustles (Study 2). Taken together, we build and test theory about how employees' side-hustle autonomy exhibits within-person relationships that are a "mixed-bag" for their full-time work behavior.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- From Free Pastures to Penned in: The Within-Person Effects of Psychological Reactance on Side-Hustlers' Hostility and Initiative in Full-Time Work
- Creators
- Hudson Sessions - Southern Methodist UniversityMichael D. Baer - Arizona State UniversityJennifer D Nahrgang - University of Iowa, Management and EntrepreneurshipSophie Pychlau - University of Oregon
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Journal of applied psychology, Vol.108(12), pp.1979-1997
- DOI
- 10.1037/apl0001115
- PMID
- 37523298
- NLM abbreviation
- J Appl Psychol
- ISSN
- 0021-9010
- eISSN
- 1939-1854
- Publisher
- Amer Psychological Assoc
- Number of pages
- 19
- Grant note
- Arizona State University's Department of Management and Entrepreneurship Southern Methodist University's Department of Management and Organizations University of Iowa's Department of Management and Entrepreneurship
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 12/01/2023
- Academic Unit
- Management and Entrepreneurship
- Record Identifier
- 9984961941902771
Metrics
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