Journal article
Functional Properties of the Mitochondrial Carrier System
Trends in cell biology, Vol.27(9), pp.633-644
09/2017
DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2017.04.004
PMCID: PMC5773108
PMID: 28522206
Abstract
The mitochondrial carrier system (MCS) transports small molecules between mitochondria and the cytoplasm. It is integral to the core mitochondrial function to regulate cellular chemistry by metabolism. The mammalian MCS comprises the transporters of the 53-member canonical SLC25A family and a lesser number of identified noncanonical transporters. The recent discovery and investigations of the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) illustrate the diverse effects a single mitochondrial carrier may exert on cellular function. However, the transport selectivities of many carriers remain unknown, and most have not been functionally investigated in mammalian cells. The mechanisms coordinating their function as a unified system remain undefined. Increased accessibility to molecular genetic and metabolomic technologies now greatly enables investigation of the MCS. Continued investigation of the MCS may reveal how mitochondria encode complex regulatory information within chemical thermodynamic gradients. This understanding may enable precision modulation of cellular chemistry to counteract the dysmetabolism inherent in disease.
Increased accessibility of metabolomics and molecular genetic technologies now greatly enables functional investigation of the mitochondrial carrier system.
The mitochondrial pyruvate carrier regulates multiple dimensions of cellular biology including differentiation state, nutrient sensing, and mitochondrial substrate selection.
The mitochondrial carrier system is functionally redundant at the individual carrier and systems-levels.
The mitochondrial carrier system regulates cellular chemistry, including relative mitochondrial–cytosolic redox and nitrogen balances.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Functional Properties of the Mitochondrial Carrier System
- Creators
- Eric B Taylor - Department of Biochemistry, Fraternal Order of the Eagles Diabetes Center, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, Pappajohn Biomedical Discovery Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Trends in cell biology, Vol.27(9), pp.633-644
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.tcb.2017.04.004
- PMID
- 28522206
- PMCID
- PMC5773108
- NLM abbreviation
- Trends Cell Biol
- ISSN
- 0962-8924
- eISSN
- 1879-3088
- Publisher
- Elsevier Ltd
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 09/2017
- Academic Unit
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics
- Record Identifier
- 9984025411702771
Metrics
26 Record Views