Journal article
Functional hypogonadism among patients with obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome
International journal of impotence research, Vol.34(7), pp.714-720
11/01/2022
DOI: 10.1038/s41443-021-00496-7
PMID: 34775481
Abstract
Testosterone deficiency, defined as low total testosterone combined with physical, cognitive, and sexual signs and/or symptoms, is a common finding in adult men. Functional hypogonadism (FH) is defined as borderline low testosterone (T) secondary to aging and/or comorbid conditions such as diabetes, obesity, and/or metabolic syndrome. The relationship between FH and metabolic disorders is multifactorial and bidirectional, and associated with a disruption of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Resolution of FH requires the correct diagnosis and treatment of the underlying condition(s) with lifestyle modifications considered first-line therapy. Normalization of T levels through dietary modifications such as caloric restriction and restructuring of macronutrients have recently been explored. Exercise and sleep quality have been associated with T levels, and patients should be encouraged to practice resistance training and sleep seven to nine hours per night. Supplementation with vitamin D and Trigonella foenum-graecum may also be considered when optimizing T levels. Ultimately, treatment of FH requires a multidisciplinary approach and personalized patient care.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Functional hypogonadism among patients with obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome
- Creators
- Marne Louters - University of Michigan–Ann ArborMichelle Pearlman - University of MiamiEmily Solsrud - University of IowaAmy Pearlman - University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- International journal of impotence research, Vol.34(7), pp.714-720
- Publisher
- Springer Nature
- DOI
- 10.1038/s41443-021-00496-7
- PMID
- 34775481
- ISSN
- 0955-9930
- eISSN
- 1476-5489
- Number of pages
- 7
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 11/01/2022
- Academic Unit
- Orthopedics and Rehabilitation; Urology
- Record Identifier
- 9984320851302771
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