Journal article
Galloylated proanthocyanidins in dentin matrix exhibit biocompatibility and induce differentiation in dental stem cells
Journal of bioactive and compatible polymers, Vol.37(3), pp.220-230
05/2022
DOI: 10.1177/08839115221095154
PMCID: PMC10353770
PMID: 37465414
Abstract
Grape seed extract contains a complex mixture of proanthocyanidins (PACs), a class of plant biopolymers that can be used as a biomaterial to improve reparative and preventive dental therapies. Co-polymerization of PACs with type I collagen mechanically reinforces the dentin extracellular matrix. This study assessed the biocompatibility of PACs from grape seed extract on dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in a model simulating leaching through dentin to the pulp cavity. The aim was to determine the type of PACs (galloylated vs. non-galloylated) within grape seed extract that are most compatible with dental pulp tissue. Human demineralized dentin was treated with selectively-enriched dimeric PACs prepared from grape seed extract using liquid-liquid chromatography. DPSCs were cultured within a 2D matrix and exposed to PAC-treated dentin extracellular matrix. Cell proliferation was measured using the MTS assay and expression of odontoblastic genes was analyzed by qRT-PCR. Categorization of PACs leaching from dentin was performed using HPLC-MS. Enriched dimeric fractions containing galloylated PACs increased the expression of certain odontoblastic genes in DPSCs, including Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2), basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF2), dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) and collagen, type I, alpha 1 (COLI). Galloylated dimeric PACs also exhibited minor effects on DPSC proliferation, resulting in a decrease compared to control after 5 days of treatment. The non-galloylated dimer fraction had no effect on these genes or on DPSC proliferation. Galloylated PACs are biocompatible with DPSCs and may even exert a beneficial effect on cells within dental pulp tissue. The observed increase in odontoblastic genes induced by galloylated PACs together with a decrease in DPSC proliferation is suggestive of a shift toward cell differentiation. This data supports the use of dimeric PACs as a safe biomaterial, with galloylated dimeric PACs exhibiting potential benefits to odontoblasts supporting dentin regeneration.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Galloylated proanthocyanidins in dentin matrix exhibit biocompatibility and induce differentiation in dental stem cells
- Creators
- Daniel Kulakowski - University of Illinois ChicagoRasika M Phansalkar - University of Illinois ChicagoAriene A Leme-Kraus - University of Illinois ChicagoJames B McAlpine - University of Illinois ChicagoShao-Nong Chen - University of Illinois ChicagoGuido F Pauli - University of Illinois ChicagoSriram Ravindran - University of Illinois ChicagoAna K Bedran-Russo - Marquette University
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Journal of bioactive and compatible polymers, Vol.37(3), pp.220-230
- DOI
- 10.1177/08839115221095154
- PMID
- 37465414
- PMCID
- PMC10353770
- NLM abbreviation
- J Bioact Compat Polym
- ISSN
- 0883-9115
- eISSN
- 1530-8030
- Grant note
- DOI: 10.13039/100000072, name: National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, award: R01 DE021040; DOI: 10.13039/100000072, name: National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, award: R56 DE023806; DOI: 10.13039/100000072, name: National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, award: T32 DE018381
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 05/2022
- Academic Unit
- Operative Dentistry
- Record Identifier
- 9984367738802771
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