Generalized permanent dentition fluorosis severity becomes less evident over time among a birth cohort

Steven M. Levy; John J. Warren; Justine L. Kolker; Karin Weber-Gasparoni

doi:10.3389/froh.2023.1198167

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Generalized permanent dentition fluorosis severity becomes less evident over time among a birth cohort

Journal article

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Peer reviewed

Generalized permanent dentition fluorosis severity becomes less evident over time among a birth cohort

Steven M. Levy, John J. Warren, Justine L. Kolker and Karin Weber-Gasparoni

Frontiers in oral health, Vol.4, 1198167

06/01/2023

DOI: 10.3389/froh.2023.1198167

PMCID: PMC10348053

PMID: 37456361

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Abstract

ObjectivesThere are relatively few cohort studies which have examined changes in fluorosis appearance over time, and none of these have assessed changes in generalized fluorosis. In this analysis, we quantified and assessed changes in multiple measures of generalized fluorosis severity through childhood, adolescence, and young adulthood.MethodsParticipants were from the Iowa Fluoride Study, a birth cohort recruited from 1992 to 1995. Permanent dentition fluorosis exams were carried out at ages 9, 13, 17, and 23 years using the Fluorosis Risk Index (FRI). Generalized fluorosis was assessed using mean FRI scores at the tooth- and person-level as well as a five-category measure of generalized fluorosis. Generalized fluorosis prevalence and severity was summarized at each time point and differences in adjacent time points were assessed using gamma statistics, signed-rank tests, and plotting changes in generalized fluorosis between adjacent time points.ResultsWe observed a statistically significant decline in the percentage of non-zero mean FRI scores at later exam ages at both the person- and tooth-levels. Based on our five-category generalized fluorosis measure, there were 34.0%–54.1% of participants with generalized fluorosis at baseline for each tooth group, and these percentages declined to 8.9%–27.2% at the age 23-year exam.ConclusionsWe observed a statistically significant decline in generalized fluorosis severity scores and overall prevalence at later exam ages across all three measures of generalized fluorosis severity. This trend should be accounted for when estimating the prevalence of fluorosis in a population using fluorosis severity data collected in children and adolescents.

Epidemiology

changes

dental fluorosis (DF)

fluoride(s)

longitudinal

pediatric dentistry

Details

Title: Subtitle: Generalized permanent dentition fluorosis severity becomes less evident over time among a birth cohort
Creators: Steven M. Levy - University of Iowa
John J. Warren - University of Iowa
Justine L. Kolker - University of Iowa
Karin Weber-Gasparoni - University of Iowa
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Frontiers in oral health, Vol.4, 1198167
DOI: 10.3389/froh.2023.1198167
PMID: 37456361
PMCID: PMC10348053
NLM abbreviation: Front Oral Health
eISSN: 2673-4842
Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A
Language: English
Date published: 06/01/2023
Academic Unit: Preventive and Community Dentistry; Epidemiology; Pediatric Dentistry; Operative Dentistry
Record Identifier: 9984441704502771

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