Genotype and neuropsychological response inhibition as resilience promoters for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, and conduct disorder under conditions of psychosocial adversity

Joel Nigg; Molly Nikolas; Karen Friderici; Leeyoung Park; Robert A Zucker

doi:10.1017/S0954579407000387

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Genotype and neuropsychological response inhibition as resilience promoters for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, and conduct disorder under conditions of psychosocial adversity

Journal article

Peer reviewed

Genotype and neuropsychological response inhibition as resilience promoters for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, and conduct disorder under conditions of psychosocial adversity

Joel Nigg, Molly Nikolas, Karen Friderici, Leeyoung Park and Robert A Zucker

Development and psychopathology, Vol.19(3), pp.767-786

2007

DOI: 10.1017/S0954579407000387

PMCID: PMC2291356

PMID: 17705902

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Abstract

Whereas child personality, IQ, and family factors have been identified as enabling a resilient response to psychosocial adversity, more direct biological resilience factors have been less well delineated. This is particularly so for child attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which has received less attention from a resilience perspective than have associated externalizing disorders. Children from two independent samples were classified as resilient if they avoided developing ADHD, oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), or conduct disorder (CD) in the face of family adversity. Two protective factors were examined for their potential relevance to prefrontal brain development: neuropsychological response inhibition, as assessed by the Stop task, and a composite catecholamine genotype risk score. Resilient children were characterized in both samples by more effective response inhibition, although the effect in the second sample was very small. Genotype was measured in Sample 1, and a composite high risk genotype index was developed by summing presence of risk across markers on three genes expressed in prefrontal cortex: dopamine transporter, dopamine D4 receptor, and noradrenergic alpha-2 receptor. Genotype was a reliable resilience indicator against development of ADHD and CD, but not ODD, in the face of psychosocial adversity. Results illustrate potential neurobiological protective factors related to development of prefrontal cortex that may enable children to avoid developing ADHD and CD in the presence of psychosocial adversity.

Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders - diagnosis

Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders - epidemiology

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - epidemiology

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - genetics

Child

Cognition Disorders - diagnosis

Cognition Disorders - epidemiology

Conduct Disorder - diagnosis

Conduct Disorder - epidemiology

Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins - genetics

Family - psychology

Female

Genotype

Humans

Male

Marriage - psychology

Neuropsychological Tests

Polymerase Chain Reaction

Psychology

Receptors, Dopamine D4 - genetics

Social Environment

Details

Title: Subtitle: Genotype and neuropsychological response inhibition as resilience promoters for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, and conduct disorder under conditions of psychosocial adversity
Creators: Joel Nigg - Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1116, USA. nigg@msu.edu
Molly Nikolas
Karen Friderici
Leeyoung Park
Robert A Zucker
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Development and psychopathology, Vol.19(3), pp.767-786
DOI: 10.1017/S0954579407000387
PMID: 17705902
PMCID: PMC2291356
NLM abbreviation: Dev Psychopathol
ISSN: 0954-5794
eISSN: 1469-2198
Grant note: R37 AA007065-16 / NIAAA NIH HHS R37 AA007065 / NIAAA NIH HHS R01-AA12217 / NIAAA NIH HHS R01-MH59105 / NIMH NIH HHS R01-MH070004 / NIMH NIH HHS R01 AA012217 / NIAAA NIH HHS R01 MH070004 / NIMH NIH HHS R01 AA012217-01A1 / NIAAA NIH HHS R37-AA07065 / NIAAA NIH HHS R01 MH059105 / NIMH NIH HHS
Language: English
Date published: 2007
Academic Unit: Psychological and Brain Sciences; Injury Prevention Research Center
Record Identifier: 9984213395802771

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