Journal article
Hepatitis B virus infection among HIV-infected pregnant women in Malawi and transmission to infants
Journal of hepatology, Vol.60(3), pp.508-514
03/01/2014
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2013.10.029
PMCID: PMC4411040
PMID: 24211737
Abstract
The extent of HBV infection to infants of HBV/HIV-coinfected pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa is unknown. The aim of this study was to assess prevalence of HBV infection among antiretroviral-naïve, HIV-infected pregnant women in Malawi and examine HBV transmission to their infants.
Plasma from 2048 HIV-infected, Malawian women and their infants were tested for markers of HBV infection. Study participants were provided standard-of-care health services, which included administration of pentavalent vaccine to infants at 6, 10, and 14weeks of age.
One-hundred and three women (5%) were HBsAg-positive; 70 of these HBsAg-positive women were also HBV-DNA-positive. Sixteen women (0.8%) were HBV-DNA-positive but HBsAg-negative. Five of 51 infants (9.8%) born to HBsAg-positive and/or HBV-DNA-positive women were HBV-DNA-positive by 48weeks of age.HBV DNA concentrations of two infants of mothers who received extended lamivudine-containing anti-HIV prophylaxis were <4 log10 IU/ml compared to ⩾8 log10 IU/ml in three infants of mothers who did not.
HBV DNA was detected in nearly 10% of infants born to HBV/HIV-coinfected women. Antenatal testing for HIV and HBV, if instituted, can facilitate implementation of prophylactic measures against infant infection by both viruses.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Hepatitis B virus infection among HIV-infected pregnant women in Malawi and transmission to infants
- Creators
- Charles S. Chasela - University College DublinAthena P. Kourtis - Centers for Disease Control and PreventionPatrick Wall - University College DublinJan Drobeniuc - Centers for Disease Control and PreventionCaroline C. King - Centers for Disease Control and PreventionHong Thai - National Center for HIV/AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD and TB PreventionEyasu H. Teshale - Centers for Disease Control and PreventionMina Hosseinipour - University of North Carolina at Chapel HillSascha Ellington - Centers for Disease Control and PreventionMary B. Codd - University College DublinDenise J. Jamieson - Centers for Disease Control and PreventionRod Knight - Westat (United States)Patricia Fitzpatrick - University College DublinSaleem Kamili - Centers for Disease Control and PreventionIrving Hoffman - University of North Carolina at Chapel HillDumbani Kayira - UNC Project, P/Bag A-104, Lilongwe, MalawiNoel Mumba - UNC Project, P/Bag A-104, Lilongwe, MalawiDeborah D. Kamwendo - UNC Project, P/Bag A-104, Lilongwe, MalawiFrancis Martinson - UNC Project, P/Bag A-104, Lilongwe, MalawiWilliam Powderly - University College DublinChong-Gee Teo - National Center for HIV/AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD and TB PreventionCharles van der Horst - University of North Carolina at Chapel HillBreastfeeding, Antiretrovirals and Nutrition (BAN) Study Team
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Journal of hepatology, Vol.60(3), pp.508-514
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.jhep.2013.10.029
- PMID
- 24211737
- PMCID
- PMC4411040
- NLM abbreviation
- J Hepatol
- ISSN
- 0168-8278
- eISSN
- 1600-0641
- Publisher
- Elsevier B.V
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 03/01/2014
- Academic Unit
- Obstetrics and Gynecology; VPMA - Administration
- Record Identifier
- 9984446435802771
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