How Do Child ADHD Symptoms and Oppositionality Impact Parent-Child Interactions When Crossing Virtual Roads?

Elizabeth E O'Neal; Pooya Rahimian; Yuanyuan Jiang; Shiwen Zhou; Molly Nikolas; Joseph K Kearney; Jodie M Plumert

doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsab102

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How Do Child ADHD Symptoms and Oppositionality Impact Parent-Child Interactions When Crossing Virtual Roads?

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

How Do Child ADHD Symptoms and Oppositionality Impact Parent-Child Interactions When Crossing Virtual Roads?

Elizabeth E O'Neal, Pooya Rahimian, Yuanyuan Jiang, Shiwen Zhou, Molly Nikolas, Joseph K Kearney and Jodie M Plumert

Journal of pediatric psychology, Vol.47(3), pp.337-349

03/05/2022

DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsab102

PMID: 34664654

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Abstract

This study examined how parents and children interact when crossing virtual roads together. We examined (1) whether children's inattention/hyperactivity and oppositionality and children's failure to jointly perform the task interfered with parents' efforts to scaffold children's road-crossing skill and (2) whether experience with the joint road-crossing task impacted children's subsequent performance in a solo road-crossing task. Fifty-five 8- to 10-year-old children with and without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and their parents first jointly crossed a lane of traffic in an immersive pedestrian simulator. Children then completed the same road-crossing task alone. Parents completed questionnaires about children's symptoms of inattention/hyperactivity and oppositionality. Analyses of the joint road-crossing task showed that when parents and children crossed different gaps, parents suggested and opposed more gaps and were less likely to use a prospective gap communication strategy (i.e., communicating about a crossable gap prior to its arrival). Crossing different gaps was also associated with increased expressions of negative affect among parents and children and an increase in collisions among children. Children's level of parent-reported oppositionality also predicted an increase in child defiance and parental redirection of child behavior. Analyses of children's subsequent crossing performance indicated that parents' use of a prospective gap communication strategy during the joint road-crossing task predicted selection of larger gaps during the solo crossing task. Not crossing through the same gap and increased levels of child oppositionality interfered with the scaffolding process, potentially informing future parent-based intervention efforts for increasing children's road-crossing safety.

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity

Child

Child Behavior

Communication

Humans

Parent-Child Relations

Prospective Studies

Details

Title: Subtitle: How Do Child ADHD Symptoms and Oppositionality Impact Parent-Child Interactions When Crossing Virtual Roads?
Creators: Elizabeth E O'Neal - University of Iowa
Pooya Rahimian - University of Iowa
Yuanyuan Jiang - California State University, San Marcos
Shiwen Zhou - University of Iowa
Molly Nikolas - University of Iowa
Joseph K Kearney - University of Iowa
Jodie M Plumert - University of Iowa
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Journal of pediatric psychology, Vol.47(3), pp.337-349
DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsab102
PMID: 34664654
NLM abbreviation: J Pediatr Psychol
ISSN: 0146-8693
eISSN: 1465-735X
Grant note: DOI: 10.13039/100000001, name: National Science Foundation, award: BCS-1251694, CNS-1305131; name: US Department of Transportation, Research and Innovative Technology Administration, award: DTRT13-G-UTC53
Language: English
Date published: 03/05/2022
Academic Unit: Psychological and Brain Sciences; Nursing; Injury Prevention Research Center; Computer Science
Record Identifier: 9984259501002771

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