Logo image
Human papillomavirus prevalence in invasive anal cancers in the United States before vaccine introduction
Journal article   Peer reviewed

Human papillomavirus prevalence in invasive anal cancers in the United States before vaccine introduction

Martin Steinau, Elizabeth R Unger, Brenda Y Hernandez, Marc T Goodman, Glenn Copeland, Claudia Hopenhayn, Wendy Cozen, Maria S Saber, Youjie Huang, Edward S Peters, …
Journal of lower genital tract disease, Vol.17(4), pp.397-403
10/2013
DOI: 10.1097/LGT.0b013e31827ed372
PMCID: PMC3982183
PMID: 23609590

View Online

Abstract

This study aimed to conduct a representative survey of human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and its genotype distribution in invasive anal cancer specimens in the United States. Population-based archival anal cancer specimens were identified from Florida, Kentucky, Louisiana, and Michigan cancer registries and Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) tissue repositories in Hawaii, Iowa, and Los Angeles. Sections from 1 representative block per case were used for DNA extraction. All extracts were assayed first by linear array and retested with INNO-LiPA if inadequate or HPV negative. Among 146 unique invasive anal cancer cases, 93 (63.7%) were from women, and 53 (36.3%) were from men. Human papillomavirus (any type) was detected in 133 cases (91.1%) and 129 (88.4%) contained at least 1 high risk-type, most (80.1%) as a single genotype. Human papillomavirus type 16 had the highest prevalence (113 cases, 77.4%); HPV types 6, 11, 18, and 33 were also found multiple times. Among HPV-16-positive cases, 37% were identified as prototype variant Ep, and 63% were nonprototypes: 33% Em, 12% E-G131G, 5% Af1, 4% AA/NA-1, 3% E-C109G, 3% E-G131T, 2% As, and 1% Af2. No significant differences in the distributions of HPV (any), high-risk types, or HPV-16/18 were seen between sex, race, or age group. The establishment of prevaccine HPV prevalence in the United States is critical to the surveillance of vaccine efficacy. Almost 80% of anal cancers were positive for the vaccine types HPV-16 or HPV-18, and in 70%, these were the only types detected, suggesting that a high proportion might be preventable by current vaccines.
United States - epidemiology Prevalence Humans Middle Aged Papillomavirus Infections - epidemiology Anus Neoplasms - virology Genotype Male Papillomaviridae - isolation & purification Papillomaviridae - genetics Young Adult Papillomaviridae - classification Adolescent Aged, 80 and over Adult Female Aged Retrospective Studies

Details

Logo image