Journal article
Hypertelorism and Orofacial Clefting Revisited: An Anthropometric Investigation
The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal, Vol.54(6), pp.631-638
11/2017
DOI: 10.1597/15-256
PMID: 27505181
Abstract
Objective: Since the 1960s, multiple studies have reported a tendency toward hypertelorism in individuals with nonsyndromic orofacial clefts (OFCs). However, the association between specific cleft types and increased interorbital distance has been inconsistent. Using three-dimensional (3D) surface imaging, we tested whether different forms of clefting showed evidence of increased interorbital distance.
Methods: Intercanthal and outercanthal distances and intercanthal indices were calculated from 3D facial surface images of 287 individuals with repaired OFCs. Raw measurements were converted to sex and age-normalized Z-scores. Mean Z-scores for individuals with cleft lip (CL), cleft lip and palate (CLP), and cleft palate (CP) were compared with reference normative values (controls) and one another directly using t tests and analysis of variance.
Results: The CLP group showed a significant increase in intercanthal width (P = .001) and intercanthal index (P < .001) compared with reference norms. The CP group showed a significant decrease (P < .001) in outercanthal width. The CL group showed no difference from reference norms. The proportion of clinically hyperteloric individuals was generally low but highest in the CLP group (7.4%). Cleft severity had little effect on interorbital spacing.
Conclusions: Individuals with CLP exhibited on average a tendency toward mild hypertelorism, driven primarily by an increase in intercanthal distance. This tendency was not seen in CL or CP.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Hypertelorism and Orofacial Clefting Revisited: An Anthropometric Investigation
- Creators
- Seth M Weinberg - Department of Oral Biology and the Department of Anthropology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PennsylvaniaElizabeth J Leslie - Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PennsylvaniaJacqueline T Hecht - Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, and Associate Dean of Research, University of Texas School of Dentistry at HoustonGeorge L Wehby - Department of Health Management and Policy, University of Iowa, Iowa CityFrederic W.B Deleyiannis - Department of Pediatric Plastic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Colorado, Aurora, ColoradoLina M Moreno - Department of Orthodontics, University of Iowa, Iowa CityKaare Christensen - Department of Epidemiology, Unit of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Danish Twin Registry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, DenmarkMary L Marazita - Department of Oral Biology, Department of Human Genetics, the Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal, Vol.54(6), pp.631-638
- DOI
- 10.1597/15-256
- PMID
- 27505181
- NLM abbreviation
- Cleft Palate Craniofac J
- ISSN
- 1055-6656
- eISSN
- 1545-1569
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 11/2017
- Academic Unit
- Preventive and Community Dentistry; Orthodontics; Health Management and Policy; Economics; Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center; Public Policy Center (Archive); Dental Research
- Record Identifier
- 9984064198802771
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