Journal article
IL-4 inhibits vasoactive intestinal peptide production by macrophages
American journal of physiology: Gastrointestinal and liver physiology, Vol.283(1), pp.G115-G121
07/01/2002
DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00491.2001
PMID: 12065298
Abstract
In schistosomiasis, eggs induce granulomas that have a vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) immunoregulatory circuit. This study explored the regulation of VIP production at sites of inflammation. Splenocytes from uninfected C57BL/6 mice expressed VIP mRNA and protein, which stopped following egg deposition. Eggs induce a Th2 response, suggesting that Th2 cytokines like interleukin (IL)-4 can regulate VIP. To address this issue, splenocytes from uninfected mice were incubated for 4 h with or without recombinant IL-4. IL-4 inhibited VIP mRNA expression. F4/80+macrophages were the source of constitutively expressed VIP, subject to IL-4 regulation. In IL-4 knockout mice, splenic VIP production did not downmodulate during schistosome infection, suggesting that IL-4 is a critical cytokine regulating VIP production in wild-type mouse spleen. IL-4-producing granulomas in schistosomiasis made VIP. Experiments showed that granuloma VIP derived from F4/80−(nonmacrophage) cell populations, explaining this paradox. Granuloma F4/80+cells from IL-4 knockout mice expressed VIP. Thus macrophages can make VIP, which is subject to IL-4 regulation. However, in the Th2 granulomas, other cell types produce VIP, which compensates for loss of macrophages as a source of this molecule.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- IL-4 inhibits vasoactive intestinal peptide production by macrophages
- Creators
- Ahmed Metwali - Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242Arthur M Blum - Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242David E Elliott - Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242Joel V Weinstock - Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- American journal of physiology: Gastrointestinal and liver physiology, Vol.283(1), pp.G115-G121
- DOI
- 10.1152/ajpgi.00491.2001
- PMID
- 12065298
- ISSN
- 0193-1857
- eISSN
- 1522-1547
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 07/01/2002
- Academic Unit
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology; Internal Medicine
- Record Identifier
- 9984094532602771
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