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Identity, Diversity, and Semiotic Innovation in Contemporary Photojournalism
Journal article   Peer reviewed

Identity, Diversity, and Semiotic Innovation in Contemporary Photojournalism

Alex Scott
The Howard journal of communications
05/22/2026
DOI: 10.1080/10646175.2026.2677535

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Abstract

The social practice of photojournalism has been historically dominated by a Western male perspective, producing norms and standards of representation. An important dimension of this perspective is the esthetics, a primary resource for meaning-making that has been previously described as highly conventional and standardized. This study specifically focuses on the aesthetic dimensions of the Western male gaze and provides empirical evidence that stylistic diversity arises from increased racial and gender diversity in photojournalistic practice. Using a quantitative content analysis (N = 4390) of news images produced by 1128 photographers working for 51 news outlets and published by The New York Times, this study found that women of all racial and ethnic backgrounds, as well as men of color, utilize a wider range of pictorial styles than white men. This study details how semiotic innovation-the evolution of pictorial conventions, aesthetic treatment, and broader photographic approach-creates distinct accounts of the social world, affecting the symbolic relationship between represented persons and viewers, the making of place, and broader knowledge production through news images.
Social Sciences Communication

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