Immune Reconstitution after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Is Associated with Selective Control of JC Virus Reactivation

Chen Sabrina Tan; Thomas A. Broge; Long Ngo; Sarah Gheuens; Raphael Viscidi; Evelyn Bord; Jacalyn Rosenblatt; Michael Wong; David Avigan; Igor J. Koralnik

doi:10.1016/j.bbmt.2014.03.018

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Immune Reconstitution after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Is Associated with Selective Control of JC Virus Reactivation

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Immune Reconstitution after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Is Associated with Selective Control of JC Virus Reactivation

Chen Sabrina Tan, Thomas A. Broge, Long Ngo, Sarah Gheuens, Raphael Viscidi, Evelyn Bord, Jacalyn Rosenblatt, Michael Wong, David Avigan and Igor J. Koralnik

Biology of blood and marrow transplantation, Vol.20(7), pp.992-999

07/2014

DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2014.03.018

PMCID: PMC4057943

PMID: 24680976

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Abstract

JC virus (JCV) causes progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in immunocompromised patients. The mechanism of JCV reactivation and immunity in a transplanted immune system remains unclear. We prospectively studied 30 patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and collected blood and urine samples before HSCT and 3, 6, and 12 to 18 months after HSCT. Before HSCT, JCV DNA was detected in 7 of 30 urine, 5 of 30 peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and 6 of 30 plasma samples. Although JC viruria remained stable after HSCT with detection in 5 of 21 samples, viremia was detected in only 1 of 22 plasma and none of 22 PBMC samples 12 to 18 months after HSCT. Prevalence of anti-JCV IgG was 83% before HSCT and decreased to 72% at 12 to 18 months. Anti-JCV IgM was rarely detected. JCV-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses increased 12 to 18 months after HSCT. Although JC viruria correlated directly with detection of anti-JCV IgG, the cellular immune response to JCV measured by ELISpot was inversely correlated with anti-JCV IgG response. The diagnosis of acute myelogenous leukemia and age group were 2 independent patient factors associated with significantly reduced cellular immune responses to JCV. This prospective study in HSCT patients provides a model of interactions between the host immune response and viral activation in multiple compartments during the recovery of the immune system.

HSCT

Immunocompromised host

JC virus

Details

Title: Subtitle: Immune Reconstitution after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Is Associated with Selective Control of JC Virus Reactivation
Creators: Chen Sabrina Tan - Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Thomas A. Broge - Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Long Ngo - Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Sarah Gheuens - Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Raphael Viscidi - Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
Evelyn Bord - Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Jacalyn Rosenblatt - Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Michael Wong - Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
David Avigan - Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Igor J. Koralnik - Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Biology of blood and marrow transplantation, Vol.20(7), pp.992-999
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2014.03.018
PMID: 24680976
PMCID: PMC4057943
NLM abbreviation: Biol Blood Marrow Transplant
ISSN: 1083-8791
eISSN: 1523-6536
Publisher: Elsevier Inc
Grant note: name: NIH, award: R01 NS 047029, NS 074995, NS R56 041198, K24 NS 060950, K08 NS 064215-01
Language: English
Date published: 07/2014
Academic Unit: Iowa Neuroscience Institute; Internal Medicine
Record Identifier: 9984366278902771

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