Journal article
Immune dysregulation and immunopathology induced by SARS-CoV-2 and related coronaviruses — are we our own worst enemy?
Nature reviews. Immunology, Vol.22(1), pp.47-56
01/2022
DOI: 10.1038/s41577-021-00656-2
PMCID: PMC8617551
PMID: 34837062
Abstract
Human coronaviruses cause a wide spectrum of disease, ranging from mild common colds to acute respiratory distress syndrome and death. Three highly pathogenic human coronaviruses - severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus and SARS-CoV-2 - have illustrated the epidemic and pandemic potential of human coronaviruses, and a better understanding of their disease-causing mechanisms is urgently needed for the rational design of therapeutics. Analyses of patients have revealed marked dysregulation of the immune system in severe cases of human coronavirus infection, and there is ample evidence that aberrant immune responses to human coronaviruses are typified by impaired induction of interferons, exuberant inflammatory responses and delayed adaptive immune responses. In addition, various viral proteins have been shown to impair interferon induction and signalling and to induce inflammasome activation. This suggests that severe disease associated with human coronaviruses is mediated by both dysregulated host immune responses and active viral interference. Here we discuss our current understanding of the mechanisms involved in each of these scenarios.
© 2021. Springer Nature Limited.
Conflict of interest statement
The authors declare no competing interests.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Immune dysregulation and immunopathology induced by SARS-CoV-2 and related coronaviruses — are we our own worst enemy?
- Creators
- Lok-Yin Roy WongStanley Perlman
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Nature reviews. Immunology, Vol.22(1), pp.47-56
- DOI
- 10.1038/s41577-021-00656-2
- PMID
- 34837062
- PMCID
- PMC8617551
- ISSN
- 1474-1733
- eISSN
- 1474-1741
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 01/2022
- Academic Unit
- Microbiology and Immunology; Stead Family Department of Pediatrics; Iowa Neuroscience Institute; Infectious Disease (Pediatrics)
- Record Identifier
- 9984197928002771
Metrics
63 Record Views