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In Situ Analysis of Manganese Antimonate Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysts via Ambient Pressure X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy
Journal article   Peer reviewed

In Situ Analysis of Manganese Antimonate Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysts via Ambient Pressure X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy

Jake Evans, Zachary Ifkovits, Maureen Morla, Jacqueline Dowling, Azhar Carim and Nathan Lewis
ACS applied materials & interfaces
02/24/2026
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5c23862
PMID: 41733173

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Abstract

Manganese antimonates are earth-abundant potential alternatives to precious metal catalysts for the oxygen-evolution reaction (OER). Herein, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to determine the surface chemistry of a manganese antimonate catalyst for the OER under ultrahigh vacuum, ambient pressure, and in situ reaction conditions. Ex situ and in situ analyses revealed the oxidation states of surficial species as a function of material stoichiometry, water content, and applied potential. In situ XPS measurements in 1.0 M KOH(aq) indicated that relative to the rest state, the surface Mn(III) partially oxidized while effecting the OER, with approximately 15% of the Mn signal attributable to Mn(IV) and the remainder attributable to Mn(III).
oxygen evolution catalysis in situ X-ray spectroscopy surface oxidation states alkaline electrocatalysis manganese

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