Journal article
Inadequate Niacin Intake Disrupts Growth and Retinol Homeostasis Resulting in Higher Liver and Lower Serum Retinol Concentrations in Male Rats
The Journal of nutrition, Vol.153(8), pp.2263-2273
08/01/2023
DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.06.026
PMCID: PMC10493434
PMID: 37354977
Abstract
Background: Niacin-derived nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide is an essential cofactor for many dehydrogenase enzymes involved in vitamin A (VA) metabolism. Several countries with high prevalence of VA deficiency rely on maize, a poor source of available niacin, as a dietary staple.
Objectives: This study evaluated the interaction of dietary niacin on VA homeostasis using male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 21 d (baseline body weight 88.3 +/- 6.6 g).
Methods: After 1 wk of acclimation, baseline samples were collected (n = 4). Remaining rats (n = 54) were split into 9 groups to receive low tryptophan, VA-deficient feed with 3 different amounts of niacin (0, 15, or 30 mg/kg) and 3 different oral VA doses (50, 350, or 3500 nmol/d) in a 3 x 3 design. After 4 wk, the study was terminated. Serum, livers, and small intestine were analyzed for retinoids using high-performance liquid chromatography. Niacin and metabolites were evaluated with nuclear magnetic resonance. Plasma pyridoxal-P (PLP) was measured with high-performance liquid chromatography.
Results: Niacin intake correlated with serum retinol concentrations (r = 0.853, P < 0.001). For rats receiving the highest VA dose, liver retinol concentrations were lower in the 30-mg/kg niacin group (5.39 +/- 0.27 mu mol/g) than those in the 0-mg/kg and 15-mg/kg groups (9.18 +/- 0.62 and 8.75 +/- 0.07 mu mol/g, respectively; P <= 0.05 for both). This phenomenon also occurred in the lower VA doses (P <= 0.05 for all). Growth and tissue weight at endline were associated with niacin intake (P <= 0.001 for all). Plasma PLP correlated with estimated niacin intake (r = 0.814, P < 0.001).
Conclusions: Optimal niacin intake is associated with lower liver VA and higher serum retinol and plasma PLP concentrations. The extent to which vitamin B intake affects VA homeostasis requires further investigation to determine if the effects are maintained in humans.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Inadequate Niacin Intake Disrupts Growth and Retinol Homeostasis Resulting in Higher Liver and Lower Serum Retinol Concentrations in Male Rats
- Creators
- Tyler J. Titcomb - University of Wisconsin–MadisonFariba Fathi - University of Wisconsin–MadisonMikayla S. Kaeppler - University of Wisconsin–MadisonSofia Beatriz Sandoval Cates - University of Wisconsin–MadisonPaulo Falco Cobra - University of Wisconsin–MadisonJohn L. Markley - University of Wisconsin–MadisonJesse F Gregory III - University of FloridaSherry A. Tanumihardjo - University of Wisconsin–Madison
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- The Journal of nutrition, Vol.153(8), pp.2263-2273
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.06.026
- PMID
- 37354977
- PMCID
- PMC10493434
- NLM abbreviation
- J Nutr
- ISSN
- 0022-3166
- eISSN
- 1541-6100
- Publisher
- Elsevier
- Number of pages
- 11
- Grant note
- Wisconsin Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Research Support Award USDA; United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Cargill-Benevenga Research Stipend (SBSC) P41GM103399; P41RR002301 / NIH (NIGMS); United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) P41GM103399; S10RR08438; S10RR023438; S10RR025062; S10RR029220 / University of Wisconsin-Madison, NIH; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA DMB-8415048; OIA-9977486; BIR-9214394 / NSF; National Science Foundation (NSF)
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 08/01/2023
- Academic Unit
- Internal Medicine
- Record Identifier
- 9984548669302771
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