Journal article
Income Inequality and the Differential Effect of Adverse Childhood Experiences in US Children
Academic pediatrics, Vol.17(7), pp.S70-S78
09/2017
DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2016.11.007
PMID: 28865663
Abstract
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) can affect health and development across the life course. Despite a general understanding that adversity is associated with lower income, we know less about how ACEs manifest at different income levels and how these income-related patterns affect children's health and development.
Data from the 2011 to 2012 National Survey of Children's Health were used to examine the prevalence of 9 ACEs in US children, across 4 levels of household income, and in relationship to 5 parent-reported measures of child health. Bivariate analyses and multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the associations between number of ACEs and children's health outcomes on the basis of the 4 income groups.
When partitioned according to income strata, the proportion of children who experienced ACEs showed a steep income gradient, particularly for children who experienced ≥4 ACEs. The linear gradient across income groups was less pronounced for each specific ACE, with several ACEs (experience of divorce, drug and alcohol exposure, parental mental illness) showing high reported prevalence in all but the highest income group. Multivariate analysis showed a consistent income-related gradient for each of the health outcomes. However, higher income was not necessarily found to be a protective factor against ACEs.
ACEs are distributed across the income ladder and not just concentrated below the poverty level. This suggests that a more comprehensive policy strategy that includes targeted as well as universal interventions is warranted.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Income Inequality and the Differential Effect of Adverse Childhood Experiences in US Children
- Creators
- Neal Halfon - University of California Los Angeles Center for Healthier Children, Families and Communities, Los Angeles, CalifKandyce Larson - American Academy of PediatricsJohn Son - University of California, Los AngelesMichael Lu - Health Resources and Services AdministrationChristina Bethell - Johns Hopkins University
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Academic pediatrics, Vol.17(7), pp.S70-S78
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.acap.2016.11.007
- PMID
- 28865663
- NLM abbreviation
- Acad Pediatr
- ISSN
- 1876-2859
- eISSN
- 1876-2867
- Publisher
- Elsevier Inc
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 09/2017
- Academic Unit
- Public Policy Center (Archive)
- Record Identifier
- 9984283707402771
Metrics
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