Influenza Virus: Small Molecule Therapeutics and Mechanisms of Antiviral Resistance

Julianna Han; Jasmine Perez; Adam Schafer; Han Cheng; Norton Peet; Lijun Rong; Balaji Manicassamy

doi:10.2174/0929867324666170920165926

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Influenza Virus: Small Molecule Therapeutics and Mechanisms of Antiviral Resistance

Journal article

Peer reviewed

Influenza Virus: Small Molecule Therapeutics and Mechanisms of Antiviral Resistance

Julianna Han, Jasmine Perez, Adam Schafer, Han Cheng, Norton Peet, Lijun Rong and Balaji Manicassamy

Current medicinal chemistry, Vol.25(38), pp.5115-5127

2018

DOI: 10.2174/0929867324666170920165926

PMID: 28933281

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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8735713View

Open Access

Abstract

Influenza viruses cause severe upper respiratory illness in children and the elderly during seasonal epidemics. Influenza viruses from zoonotic reservoirs can also cause pandemics with significant loss of life in all age groups. Although vaccination is one of the most effective methods to protect against seasonal epidemics, seasonal vaccines vary in efficacy, can be ineffective in the elderly population, and do not provide protection against novel strains. Small molecule therapeutics are a critical part of our antiviral strategies to control influenza virus epidemics and pandemics as well as to ameliorate disease in elderly and immunocompromised individuals. This review aims to summarize the existing antiviral strategies for combating influenza viruses, the mechanisms of antiviral resistance for available drugs, and novel therapeutics currently in development. We systematically evaluated and synthesized the published scientific literature for mechanistic detail into therapeutic strategies against influenza viruses. Current IAV strains have developed resistance to neuraminidase inhibitors and nearly complete resistance to M2 ion channel inhibitors, exacerbated by sub-therapeutic dosing used for treatment and chemoprophylaxis. New tactics include novel therapeutics targeting host components and combination therapy, which show potential for fighting influenza virus disease while minimizing viral resistance. Antiviral drugs are crucial for controlling influenza virus disease burden, but their efficacy is limited by human misuse and the capacity of influenza viruses to circumvent antiviral barriers. To relieve the public health hardship of influenza virus, emerging therapies must be selected for their capacity to impede not only influenza virus disease, but also the development of antiviral resistance.

Antiviral Drugs

small molecule therapeutics

antiviral resistance

anti-influenza drugs

Influenza virus

Details

Title: Subtitle: Influenza Virus: Small Molecule Therapeutics and Mechanisms of Antiviral Resistance
Creators: Julianna Han - Department of Microbiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
Jasmine Perez - Department of Microbiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
Adam Schafer - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
Han Cheng - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
Norton Peet - Chicago Biosolutions Inc. Chicago, United States
Lijun Rong - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
Balaji Manicassamy - Department of Microbiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Current medicinal chemistry, Vol.25(38), pp.5115-5127
DOI: 10.2174/0929867324666170920165926
PMID: 28933281
NLM abbreviation: Curr Med Chem
ISSN: 0929-8673
eISSN: 1875-533X
Language: English
Date published: 2018
Academic Unit: Microbiology and Immunology
Record Identifier: 9984083264202771

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