Interferons Inhibit Ebola Virus Infection of Human Keratinocytes

Jonah Elliff; Hanora Van Ert; Kristina Sevcik; Marija Djurkovic; Danielle Rudd; Françoise Gourronc; Aloysius Klingelhutz; Olena Shtanko; Wendy Maury

doi:10.3390/v17121577

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Interferons Inhibit Ebola Virus Infection of Human Keratinocytes

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Interferons Inhibit Ebola Virus Infection of Human Keratinocytes

Jonah Elliff, Hanora Van Ert, Kristina Sevcik, Marija Djurkovic, Danielle Rudd, Françoise Gourronc, Aloysius Klingelhutz, Olena Shtanko and Wendy Maury

Viruses, Vol.17(12), 1577

01/01/2025

DOI: 10.3390/v17121577

PMCID: PMC12737376

PMID: 41472248

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Abstract

Orthoebolavirus zairense is the species name for Zaire Ebola virus (EBOV) within Filoviridae. This group of viruses can cause severe disease in humans, characterized by hemorrhagic shock, coagulation abnormalities, and severe inflammation. While tissue macrophages are critical targets early during EBOV infection, other cell types support viral replication as disease progresses. At late stages of infection, infectious EBOV is found on the surface of the skin, which may be a critical source of infectious virus transmitted between individuals during outbreaks. Human skin contains a number of cellular targets of EBOV, including keratinocytes. Here, we demonstrate EBOV infection of telomerase-immortalized normal human skin keratinocytes (NHSK-1), as well as EBOVΔVP30 infection of NHSK-1 cells that were stably complemented with EBOV transcription factor VP30. Infection with EBOVΔVP30 did not elicit detectable endogenous interferon responses; however, exogenous pre-treatment of NHSK-1 cells with type I, II, and III interferon (IFN) inhibited EBOVΔVP30 infection and infection of an additional low-containment model of EBOV, rVSV/EBOV GP, in a dose-dependent manner. Analysis of the transcriptome of IFN-treated keratinocytes identified multiple genes unique to each IFN and a subset of ISGs upregulated by all three IFNs. Our results indicate that ISGs induced by IFN pre-treatment of keratinocytes can reduce infection, underlining that ISGs may serve as EBOV-targeting therapeutics.

Ebola Virus

Monoclonal Antibodies

Viral Infections

Cloning

Disease transmission

Ebolavirus

Epidemics

Interferon

Keratinocytes

Macrophages

Penicillin

Skin

Telomerase

Transcriptomes

Viruses

Details

Title: Subtitle: Interferons Inhibit Ebola Virus Infection of Human Keratinocytes
Creators: Jonah Elliff
Hanora Van Ert
Kristina Sevcik
Marija Djurkovic - Texas Biomedical Research Institute
Danielle Rudd
Françoise Gourronc
Aloysius Klingelhutz
Olena Shtanko
Wendy Maury
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Viruses, Vol.17(12), 1577
DOI: 10.3390/v17121577
PMID: 41472248
PMCID: PMC12737376
NLM abbreviation: Viruses
ISSN: 1999-4915
eISSN: 1999-4915
Publisher: MDPI AG; BASEL
Grant note: National Institutes of Health: R01AI134733, R21AI123616, R21AI154336, R21AI151717 NIH: T32AI007485, F30AI181340, T32GM007337, F30AI174686
This research was supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH, USA) grants R01AI134733 and R21AI123616 to W.M. and R21AI154336 and R21AI151717 to O.S. J.E. was supported by NIH T32AI007485 and F30AI181340. H.V.E. was supported by NIH T32AI007485, T32GM007337 and F30AI174686.
Language: English
Date published: 01/01/2025
Academic Unit: Microbiology and Immunology; Radiation Oncology
Record Identifier: 9985093886002771

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