Intracellular Regulome Variability Along the Organ of Corti: Evidence, Approaches, Challenges, and Perspective

Kevin T Booth; Hela Azaiez; Israt Jahan; Richard J. H Smith; Bernd Fritzsch

doi:10.3389/fgene.2018.00156

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Intracellular Regulome Variability Along the Organ of Corti: Evidence, Approaches, Challenges, and Perspective

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Intracellular Regulome Variability Along the Organ of Corti: Evidence, Approaches, Challenges, and Perspective

Kevin T Booth, Hela Azaiez, Israt Jahan, Richard J. H Smith and Bernd Fritzsch

Frontiers in genetics, Vol.9(MAY), pp.156-156

05/08/2018

DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00156

PMCID: PMC5951964

PMID: 29868110

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Abstract

The mammalian hearing organ is a regular array of two types of hair cells (HCs) surrounded by six types of supporting cells. Along the tonotopic axis, this conserved radial array of cell types shows longitudinal variations to enhance the tuning properties of basilar membrane. We present the current evidence supporting the hypothesis that quantitative local variations in gene expression profiles are responsible for local cell responses to global gene manipulations. With the advent of next generation sequencing and the unprecedented array of technologies offering high throughput analyses at the single cell level, transcriptomics will become a common tool to enhance our understanding of the inner ear. We provide an overview of the approaches and landmark studies undertaken to date to analyze single cell variations in the organ of Corti and discuss the current limitations. We next provide an overview of the complexity of known regulatory mechanisms in the inner ear. These mechanisms are tightly regulated temporally and spatially at the transcription, RNA-splicing, mRNA-regulation, and translation levels. Understanding the intricacies of regulatory mechanisms at play in the inner ear will require the use of complementary approaches, and most probably, a combinatorial strategy coupling transcriptomics, proteomics, and epigenomics technologies. We highlight how these data, in conjunction with recent insights into molecular cell transformation, can advance attempts to restore lost hair cells.

hair cells

non-coding RNA

trasncriptomics

auditory

Genetics

cell type specificity

hair cell restoration

Details

Title: Subtitle: Intracellular Regulome Variability Along the Organ of Corti: Evidence, Approaches, Challenges, and Perspective
Creators: Kevin T Booth - Molecular Otolaryngology and Renal Research Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Iowa
Hela Azaiez - Molecular Otolaryngology and Renal Research Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Iowa
Israt Jahan - Department of Biology, University of Iowa
Richard J. H Smith - Molecular Otolaryngology and Renal Research Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Iowa
Bernd Fritzsch - Molecular Otolaryngology and Renal Research Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Iowa
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Frontiers in genetics, Vol.9(MAY), pp.156-156
DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00156
PMID: 29868110
PMCID: PMC5951964
NLM abbreviation: Front Genet
ISSN: 1664-8021
eISSN: 1664-8021
Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A
Grant note: IJ DC013655; RJS DC003544; DC002842; DC012049 / National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders
Language: English
Date published: 05/08/2018
Academic Unit: Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering; Molecular Physiology and Biophysics; Anatomy and Cell Biology; Stead Family Department of Pediatrics; Iowa Neuroscience Institute; Biology; Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center; Otolaryngology; Internal Medicine
Record Identifier: 9984006361102771

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