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Intravenous Thrombolysis for Acute Ischemic Stroke in Patients With Recent Direct Oral Anticoagulant Use: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

Intravenous Thrombolysis for Acute Ischemic Stroke in Patients With Recent Direct Oral Anticoagulant Use: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Malik Ghannam, Mohammad AlMajali, Milagros Galecio-Castillo, Abdullah Al Qudah, Farid Khasiyev, Mahmoud Dibas, Dana Ghazaleh, Juan Vivanco-Suarez, Cristian Morán-Mariños, Mudassir Farooqui, …
Journal of the American Heart Association, Vol.12(24), e031669
12/19/2023
DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.123.031669
PMCID: PMC10863770
PMID: 38108256
Appears in  UI Libraries Support Open Access
url
https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.123.031669View
Published (Version of record) Open Access

Abstract

Intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) is an effective stroke therapy that remains underused. Currently, the use of IVT in patients with recent direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) intake is not recommended. In this study we aim to investigate the safety and efficacy of IVT in patients with acute ischemic stroke and recent DOAC use. A systematic review and meta-analysis of proportions evaluating IVT with recent DOAC use was conducted. Outcomes included symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, any intracranial hemorrhage, serious systemic bleeding, and 90-day functional independence (modified Rankin scale score 0-2). Additionally, rates were compared between patients receiving IVT using DOAC and non-DOAC by a random effect meta-analysis to calculate pooled odds ratios (OR) for each outcome. Finally, sensitivity analysis for idarucizumab, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, and timing of DOAC administration was completed. Fourteen studies with 247 079 patients were included (3610 in DOAC and 243 469 in non-DOAC). The rates of IVT complications in the DOAC group were 3% (95% CI, 3-4) symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, 12% (95% CI, 7-19) any ICH, and 0.7% (95%CI, 0-1) serious systemic bleeding, and 90-day functional independence was achieved in 57% (95% CI, 43-70). The rates of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (3.4 versus 3.5%; OR, 0.95 [95% CI, 0.67-1.36]), any intracranial hemorrhage (17.7 versus 17.3%; OR, 1.23 [95% CI, 0.61-2.48]), serious systemic bleeding (0.7 versus 0.6%; OR, 1.27 [95% CI, 0.79-2.02]), and 90-day modified Rankin scale score 0-2 (46.4 versus 56.8%; OR, 1.21 [95% CI, 0.400-3.67]) did not differ between DOAC and non-DOAC groups. There was no difference in symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage rate based on idarucizumab administration. Patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with IVT in recent DOAC versus non-DOAC use have similar rates of hemorrhagic complications and functional independence. Further prospective randomized trials are warranted.
 Anticoagulants - adverse effects Brain Ischemia - complications Brain Ischemia - diagnosis Brain Ischemia - drug therapy Fibrinolytic Agents - adverse effects Hemorrhage - chemically induced Humans Intracranial Hemorrhages - chemically induced Intracranial Hemorrhages - complications Intracranial Hemorrhages - epidemiology Ischemic Stroke - complications Ischemic Stroke - diagnosis Ischemic Stroke - drug therapy Stroke - diagnosis Stroke - drug therapy Thrombolytic Therapy - adverse effects Thrombolytic Therapy - methods Treatment Outcome UIOWA OA Agreement

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