Journal article
Kinetics of viral load and antibody response in relation to COVID-19 severity
The Journal of clinical investigation, Vol.130(10), pp.5235-5244
10/01/2020
DOI: 10.1172/JCI138759
PMCID: PMC7524490
PMID: 32634129
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent for coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. Little is known about the kinetics, tissue distribution, cross-reactivity, and neutralization antibody response in patients with COVID-19. Two groups of patients with RT-PCR–confirmed COVID-19 were enrolled in this study: 12 severely ill patients in intensive care units who needed mechanical ventilation and 11 mildly ill patients in isolation wards. Serial clinical samples were collected for laboratory detection. Results showed that most of the severely ill patients had viral shedding in a variety of tissues for 20–40 days after onset of disease (8/12, 66.7%), while the majority of mildly ill patients had viral shedding restricted to the respiratory tract and had no detectable virus RNA 10 days after onset (9/11, 81.8%). Mildly ill patients showed significantly lower IgM response compared with that of the severe group. IgG responses were detected in most patients in both the severe and mild groups at 9 days after onset, and remained at a high level throughout the study. Antibodies cross-reactive to SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 were detected in patients with COVID-19 but not in patients with MERS. High levels of neutralizing antibodies were induced after about 10 days after onset in both severely and mildly ill patients which were higher in the severe group. SARS-CoV-2 pseudotype neutralization test and focus reduction neutralization test with authentic virus showed consistent results. Sera from patients with COVID-19 inhibited SARS-CoV-2 entry. Sera from convalescent patients with SARS or Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) did not. Anti–SARS-CoV-2 S and N IgG levels exhibited a moderate correlation with neutralization titers in patients’ plasma. This study improves our understanding of immune response in humans after SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Kinetics of viral load and antibody response in relation to COVID-19 severity
- Creators
- Yanqun Wang - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital, andLu Zhang - Institute of Infectious disease, Guangzhou Eighth People’s Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, ChinaLing Sang - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital, andFeng Ye - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital, andShicong Ruan - Yangjiang People’s Hospital, Yangjiang, Guangdong, ChinaBei Zhong - Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, ChinaTie Song - Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong, ChinaAbeer N Alshukairi - King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Jeddah, Saudi ArabiaRongchang Chen - Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen People’s Hospital), South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, Guangdong, ChinaZhaoyong Zhang - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital, andMian Gan - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital, andAiru Zhu - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital, andYongbo Huang - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital, andLing Luo - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital, andChris Ka Pun Mok - HKU–Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, ChinaManal M Al Gethamy - Al Nour Specialist Hospital, Makkah, Saudi ArabiaHaitao Tan - Yangjiang People’s Hospital, Yangjiang, Guangdong, ChinaZhengtu Li - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital, andXiaofang Huang - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital, andFang Li - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital, andJing Sun - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital, andYanjun Zhang - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital, andLiyan Wen - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital, andYuming Li - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital, andZhao Chen - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital, andZhen Zhuang - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital, andJianfen Zhuo - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital, andChunke Chen - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital, andLijun Kuang - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital, andJunxiang Wang - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital, andHuibin Lv - HKU–Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, ChinaYongliang Jiang - Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, ChinaMin Li - Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, ChinaYimin Lin - Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, ChinaYing Deng - Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, ChinaLan Tang - Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, ChinaJieling Liang - Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, ChinaJicheng Huang - Technology Centre, Guangzhou Customs, Guangzhou, Guangdong, ChinaStanley Perlman - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USANanshan Zhong - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital, andJingxian Zhao - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital, andJ. S Malik Peiris - HKU–Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, ChinaYimin Li - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital, andJincun Zhao - State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital, and
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- The Journal of clinical investigation, Vol.130(10), pp.5235-5244
- Publisher
- American Society for Clinical Investigation
- DOI
- 10.1172/JCI138759
- PMID
- 32634129
- PMCID
- PMC7524490
- ISSN
- 0021-9738
- eISSN
- 1558-8238
- Grant note
- 2020YFC0841400 / the emergency grants for prevention and control of SARS-CoV-2 of Ministry of Science and Technology The National Key Research; Development Program of China / The National Key Research and Development Program of China 2020A1515010911 / Guangdong Province Basic and Applied Basic Research Fund
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 10/01/2020
- Academic Unit
- Microbiology and Immunology; Stead Family Department of Pediatrics; Iowa Neuroscience Institute; Infectious Disease (Pediatrics)
- Record Identifier
- 9984070829402771
Metrics
26 Record Views