Journal article
Late recurrence of Wilms tumor after a 32−year disease−free interval: case report and literature review
Frontiers in oncology, Vol.16, 1803421
04/01/2026
DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2026.1803421
PMCID: PMC13105949
PMID: 42038387
Abstract
Background Wilms tumor (WT) is the most common pediatric renal malignancy, but carries a significantly worse prognosis in the adult population. Late recurrence (LR) of a primary WT, defined as disease recurrence five or more years after initial diagnosis, is rare and does not have standardized treatment regimens outside the pediatric population. In this paper we report a LR 32 years after diagnosis, the longest documented disease-free interval ever described.Case presentationA one-year-old female patient was diagnosed with bilateral, favorable-histology WT and treated with chemotherapy. Biopsies of residual masses after treatment confirmed benign tissue, and she was observed with serial imaging for seventeen years without evidence of recurrence. Thirty-two years after initial diagnosis, she presented with gross hematuria and right-sided abdominal pain. Biopsy demonstrated of the left renal mass was consistent with a LR of WT. She received neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by left partial nephrectomy, right radical nephrectomy, and adjuvant radiation therapy and remains cancer free without any evidence of tumor recurrence.ConclusionThis case of a 32-year treatment-free interval prior to LR is the longest such case in the medical literature. This case highlights the importance of multidisciplinary management in this rare clinical scenario of LR WT.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Late recurrence of Wilms tumor after a 32−year disease−free interval: case report and literature review
- Creators
- Matthew R. Kroll - University of IowaRachaita Lakra - University of IowaJonathan J. Davick - University of IowaJenna Gedminas - University of IowaMohammed Milhem - University of IowaSara C. Horton - University of Iowa
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Frontiers in oncology, Vol.16, 1803421
- DOI
- 10.3389/fonc.2026.1803421
- PMID
- 42038387
- PMCID
- PMC13105949
- ISSN
- 2234-943X
- eISSN
- 2234-943X
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media S.A
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 04/01/2026
- Academic Unit
- Hematology, Oncology, and Blood & Marrow Transplantation; Stead Family Department of Pediatrics; Pathology; Hematology/Oncology; Internal Medicine
- Record Identifier
- 9985152240102771
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