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Long-Term Follow-Up of Children in the HIVNET 012 Perinatal HIV Prevention Trial: Five-Year Growth and Survival
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

Long-Term Follow-Up of Children in the HIVNET 012 Perinatal HIV Prevention Trial: Five-Year Growth and Survival

Maxensia OWOR, Anthony MWATHA, Deborah DONNELL, Philippa MUSOKE, Francis MMIRO, Melissa ALLEN, J. Brooks JACKSON, Mary Glenn FOWLER and Laura A GUAY
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), Vol.64(5), pp.464-471
2013
DOI: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000000015
PMCID: PMC4172334
PMID: 24121753
url
https://doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0000000000000015View
Published (Version of record) Open Access

Abstract

Objectives: To describe 5-year growth, survival, and long-term safety among children exposed to nevirapine or zidovudine in an African perinatal prevention trial, HIVNET 012. Methods: All study children who were alive at the age 18 months were eligible for an extended follow-up study. Children whose families consented were enrolled and evaluated every 6 months from 24 to 60 months. At each visit, history, physical examination, and growth measures were taken. From these measurements, Z scores based on World Health Organization (WHO) standards were computed. Serious adverse event data were collected. Data from the initial and extended follow-up cohorts were included in the analysis. Results: Five hundred twenty-eight study children were alive at the age 18 months, and 491 (426 HIV uninfected and 65 infected) were enrolled into the follow-up study. Both exposed but uninfected children and HIV-infected children were substantially below WHO growth standards for weight and height. Head circumference Z scores for uninfected children were comparable with WHO norms. Five-year survival rates were 93% for uninfected children versus 43% for infected children. Long-term safety and growth outcomes in the 2 study arms were similar. Conclusions: Both infected and uninfected children in the 5-year HIVNET 012 follow-up showed poor height and weight growth outcomes, underscoring the need for early nutritional interventions to improve long-term growth of all infants born to HIV-infected women in resource-limited settings. Similarly, the low 5-year survival among HIV-infected children support the importance of early initiation of antiretroviral therapy. Both peripartum nevirapine and zidovudine were safe.
Infectious Diseases Microbiology Virology Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Miscellaneous Viral diseases Biological and medical sciences Medical sciences Human viral diseases

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