Journal article
Low Carbohydrate-Diet Scores and Long-term Risk of Type 2 Diabetes AmongWomen with a History of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Cohort Study
Diabetes care, Vol.39(1), pp.43-49
2016
DOI: 10.2337/dc15-1642
PMID: 26577416
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Low-carbohydrate diets (LCDs) may improve short-term glycemic control in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), but the long-term effect on progression from GDM to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is unknown. We aimed to examine the long-term risk of T2DM in association with a low-carbohydrate dietary pattern among women with a history of GDM.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Overall, 4,502 women with a history of GDM from the Nurses' Health Study II (NHSII) cohort, as part of the Diabetes & Women's Health (DWH) study, were followed up from 1991 to 2011. Overall, animal, or vegetable LCD scores, which represent adherence to different low-carbohydrate dietary patterns, were calculated using diet intake information assessed every 4 years since 1991 by validated food-frequency questionnaires. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs.RESULTS: We documented 722 incident cases of T2DM during 68,897 person-years of observation. The multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% CIs) of T2DM, comparing the highest with lowest quintiles, were 1.36 (1.04-1.78) for overall LCD score (P = 0.003 for trend), 1.40 (1.06-1.84) for animal LCD score (P = 0.004 for trend), and 1.19 (0.91-1.55) for vegetable LCD score (P = 0.50 for trend).CONCLUSIONS: Among women with a history of GDM, a low-carbohydrate dietary pattern, particularly with high protein and fat intake mainly from animal-source foods, is associated with higher T2DM risk, whereas a low-carbohydrate dietary pattern with high protein and fat intake from plant-source foods is not significantly associated with risk of T2DM.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Low Carbohydrate-Diet Scores and Long-term Risk of Type 2 Diabetes AmongWomen with a History of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Cohort Study
- Creators
- Wei BaoShanshan LiJorge E ChavarroDeirdre K TobiasYeyi ZhuFrank B HuCuilin Zhang
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Diabetes care, Vol.39(1), pp.43-49
- DOI
- 10.2337/dc15-1642
- PMID
- 26577416
- ISSN
- 0149-5992
- eISSN
- 1935-5548
- Grant note
- DOI: 10.13039/100000002, name: National Institutes of Health, award: HHSN275201000020C
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 2016
- Academic Unit
- Epidemiology; Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center
- Record Identifier
- 9983996098802771
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