Major Depressive Disorder and Bone Mass in Adolescents and Young Adults

Chadi A Calarge; Brandon D Butcher; Trudy L Burns; William H Coryell; Janet A Schlechte; Babette S Zemel

doi:10.1002/jbmr.2249

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Major Depressive Disorder and Bone Mass in Adolescents and Young Adults

Journal article

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Peer reviewed

Major Depressive Disorder and Bone Mass in Adolescents and Young Adults

Chadi A Calarge, Brandon D Butcher, Trudy L Burns, William H Coryell, Janet A Schlechte and Babette S Zemel

Journal of bone and mineral research, Vol.29(10), pp.2230-2237

10/2014

DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2249

PMCID: PMC5520808

PMID: 24723424

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Abstract

Depression has been associated with reduced bone mass in adults, but the mechanisms remain unclear. In addition, little is known about the association between depression and bone health during growth and development. To address this knowledge gap, we examined bone density and structure in 222 adolescents and young adults (69% females, mean ± SD age: 19.0 ± 1.5 years), enrolled within 1 month of starting a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) or unmedicated. Psychiatric functioning was assessed with self‐report and researcher‐administered instruments, including the Longitudinal Interval Follow‐up Evaluation for Adolescents (A‐LIFE). Anthropometric and laboratory measures included dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry and peripheral quantitative computed tomography scans. Linear multivariable regression analysis tested the association between depression and bone mass, after accounting for relevant confounders. The presence of current depression was associated with a significant reduction in age‐sex‐height‐race‐specific bone mineral density (BMD) and content (BMC) of total body less head and lumbar spine. The findings varied by assessment method with self‐report scales, capturing symptom severity over the prior week or two, yielding the weakest associations. Depression was also associated with reduced cortical thickness and a trend for increased endosteal circumference. In contrast, generalized anxiety disorder was not associated with bone deficits. In sum, depressive illness is associated with significantly lower bone mass in youths. Future investigations must examine whether bone recovery is possible following depression remission or whether remedial interventions are warranted to optimize bone mass in order to minimize the long‐term risk of osteoporosis. © 2014 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

BONE‐BRAIN‐NERVOUS SYSTEM INTERACTIONS

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BONE QCT/microCT

Details

Title: Subtitle: Major Depressive Disorder and Bone Mass in Adolescents and Young Adults
Creators: Chadi A Calarge - The University of Iowa
Brandon D Butcher - The University of Iowa
Trudy L Burns - The University of Iowa
William H Coryell - The University of Iowa
Janet A Schlechte - The University of Iowa
Babette S Zemel - The University of Pennsylvania
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Journal of bone and mineral research, Vol.29(10), pp.2230-2237
DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2249
PMID: 24723424
PMCID: PMC5520808
NLM abbreviation: J Bone Miner Res
ISSN: 0884-0431
eISSN: 1523-4681
Number of pages: 8
Grant note: National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH090072; K23MH085005) National Center for Research Resources (2UL1TR000442‐06)
Language: English
Date published: 10/2014
Academic Unit: Psychiatry; Epidemiology; Internal Medicine
Record Identifier: 9984003410402771

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