Journal article
Male Breast Cancer as a Second Primary Cancer: Increased Risk Following Lymphoma
The oncologist (Dayton, Ohio), Vol.22(8), pp.895-900
08/2017
DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2016-0460
PMCID: PMC5553961
PMID: 28487463
Abstract
Background
Male breast cancer (MBC) as a second primary cancer (SPC) has a known association with prior MBC. However, its association with non‐breast index malignancies, relative to population risk, has not been previously reported.
Materials and Methods
Using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program (9 catchment area) data, we identified MBCs diagnosed from 1973–2012 as their SPC. Information regarding the index malignancy was also obtained. Standardized incidence ratios (SIR) of MBC as SPC were estimated, along with incidence rates and trends. Kaplan‐Meier curves were used to estimate survival.
Results
Over a 38‐year period, 464 MBCs were identified as SPC. The most common index malignancies were breast (SIR 30.86, 95% confidence interval [CI] 21.50–42.92, p < .001), lymphoma (SIR 1.58, 95% CI 1.08–2.22, p = .014), melanoma (SIR 1.26, 95% CI 0.80–1.89), urinary (SIR 1.05, 95% CI 0.74–1.43), colorectal (SIR 0.94, 95% CI 0.69–1.24), and prostate (SIR 0.93 95% CI 0.81–1.07). Apart from the known association with prior breast cancer, the only significant association was with lymphoma as an index cancer, although not significant with a Bonferroni correction. From 1975–2012, incidence of breast cancer as a first cancer increased at an annual percentage change of 1.3% while breast cancer as a SPC increased at 4.7% (both p values < .001).
Conclusion
Male breast cancer as a SPC has increased markedly over 4 decades. Men with a history of lymphoma may experience higher‐than‐expected rates of breast SPC. These observations warrant further research, and suggest possible etiologic connections with disease biology, prior therapy, or genetics.
Implications for Practice
This study reports that men are presenting more frequently to the clinic with breast cancer, both as an initial cancer and as a second cancer following an earlier malignancy. We also report the novel observation that men who survive lymphoma are at increased risk of developing a subsequent breast cancer. Further work is needed to better understand possible treatment or biologic causes of this association. More immediately, these findings suggest the need for heightened vigilance for male breast cancer overall and, in particular, for male lymphoma survivors.
This study focuses on whether male breast cancer as a second primary cancer is increasing and what, if any, relationships this might have with the index malignancy and associated therapy. These findings might offer insights into surveillance interventions that could benefit male cancer survivors.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Male Breast Cancer as a Second Primary Cancer: Increased Risk Following Lymphoma
- Creators
- Deborah E. Farr - Southwestern Medical CenterAlexandra Thomas - Wake Forest UniversitySeema Ahsan Khan - Northwestern UniversityMary C. Schroeder - University of Iowa
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- The oncologist (Dayton, Ohio), Vol.22(8), pp.895-900
- DOI
- 10.1634/theoncologist.2016-0460
- PMID
- 28487463
- PMCID
- PMC5553961
- ISSN
- 1083-7159
- eISSN
- 1549-490X
- Number of pages
- 6
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 08/2017
- Academic Unit
- Pharmacy Practice and Science; Internal Medicine
- Record Identifier
- 9984365905202771
Metrics
4 Record Views