Management of Posterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries: An Expert Consensus from 17 Countries

Shuguang Gao; Jiahao Meng; Chao Zeng; Joan C Monllau; Robert F LaPrade; Timothy N Taft; Jeffrey H Berg; Michael J Medvecky; Kevin R Stone; Michael J Scarcella; Frank A Cordasco; Brian R Wolf; Dustin L Richter; Scott Rodeo; Timothy E Hewett; Bruce A Levy; James Lee Pace; Bobby Anand; Filippo Picinini; Riccardo D'Ambrosi; Luca Maria Sconfienza; Luca Farinelli; Bancha Chernchujit; Anders Stålman; Amit Gilad; Srinivas B S Kambhampati; Silvampatti Ramasamy Sundararajan; Abayo Remy Patrick; Juvenal Nshimirimana; Pisit Lertwanich; Michael Opoku; Thana Buranapuntaruk; Leonardo Addeo Ramos; Hui Hoi Po James; Terence D'Souza; Alberto Grassi; Mohammad Razi; Jaime Marino; Manuel Mqsquera; Johannes Barth; Dinshaw N Pardiwala; Yusheng Li; Wenfeng Xiao; Yilin Xiong; Pan Liu; Liu Yang; Panghu Zhou; Yan Xu; Xizhuang Bai; Tengbo Yu; Chunbao Li; Licheng Wei; Liangjun Li; Juan Wang; Decheng Shao; Zhenpeng Guan; Xuesong Dai; Jingmin Huang; Jian Li; Weiping Li; Guangji Wang; Bing Yue; Zhizeng Gao; Lin Guo; Yinghui Hua; Meng Wu; Jing Wang; Xiaofei Zheng; Lunhao Bai; Jiwu Chen; Weihong Zhu; Qichun Zhao; Weiguo Zhang; Zhiwei Chen; Xiaochun Wei; Wei Lu; Ziquan Yang; Qingjun Wei; Liaobin Chen; Songcen Lv; Ning Liu; Yongsheng Xu; Yanlin Li; Xuesong Wang; Hui Zhang; Weidong Xu; Qing Jiang; Tianlong Huang; Jiakuo Yu; Jiang Zheng; Keyuan Zhang; Jianquan Wang; Guanghua Lei

doi:10.1097/JS9.0000000000002416

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Management of Posterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries: An Expert Consensus from 17 Countries

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Management of Posterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries: An Expert Consensus from 17 Countries

Shuguang Gao, Jiahao Meng, Chao Zeng, Joan C Monllau, Robert F LaPrade, Timothy N Taft, Jeffrey H Berg, Michael J Medvecky, Kevin R Stone, Michael J Scarcella, …

International journal of surgery (London, England), Vol.111(6), pp.4080-4085

06/2025

DOI: 10.1097/JS9.0000000000002416

PMCID: PMC12165477

PMID: 40277372

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Abstract

Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injury is a relatively common musculoskeletal condition. However, there is currently a lack of consensus on decision-making, treatment and postoperative management for such injuries. To use the modified Delphi method to reach expert consensus on the management of PCL injury. A literature search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science for articles up to 17 October 2024, to support the development of recommendation statements. An Expert Panel of 90 experienced clinicians from orthopaedics and sports medicine participated in a two-round Delphi process. Each statement was evaluated in two parts: the first part assessed content appropriateness (score of 7-9 indicating appropriateness and 4-6 indicating possible appropriateness), while the second part assessed agreement (score of 5-9 indicating agreement). The panel members developed 11 statements using the Delphi process, addressing the following topics: (1) clinical decision-making, (2) treatment, and (3) postoperative management about PCL injuries. The final consensus was reached on 11 statements and we eventually translated these statements into a corresponding table of expert recommendations. Consensus was reached on 11 statements regarding three aspects of PCL injury management. These findings provide a foundation for developing evidence-based guidelines that can enhance clinical decision-making, improve treatment strategies, and optimize postoperative care for patients with PCL injuries.

consensus

posterior cruciate ligament

treatment

diagnosis

Details

Title: Subtitle: Management of Posterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries: An Expert Consensus from 17 Countries
Creators: Shuguang Gao - Xiangya Hospital Central South University
Jiahao Meng - Xiangya Hospital Central South University
Chao Zeng - Xiangya Hospital Central South University
Joan C Monllau - Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Robert F LaPrade - Complex Knee Surgeon, Twin Cities Orthopedics, Edina, Minnesota
Timothy N Taft - University of North Carolina Medical Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Jeffrey H Berg - Sports medicine and arthroscopic surgery, Town Center Orthopaedic Associates, Reston, Virginia
Michael J Medvecky - Yale School of Medicine
Kevin R Stone - Stone Clinic
Michael J Scarcella - Cleveland Clinic
Frank A Cordasco - Hospital for Special Surgery
Brian R Wolf - University of Iowa
Dustin L Richter - University of New Mexico
Scott Rodeo - Hospital for Special Surgery
Timothy E Hewett - Marshall University
Bruce A Levy - Orlando Health
James Lee Pace - Andrews Institute for Orthopaedics & Sports Medicine
Bobby Anand - South West London Elective Orthopaedic Centre (SWLEOC), Epsom, UK
Filippo Picinini - Faculty of Sport, Technology and Health Sciences, St Marys University, Twickenham, London, UK
Riccardo D'Ambrosi - Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Milan, Italy
Luca Maria Sconfienza - Mylan (Switzerland)
Luca Farinelli - Clinical Orthopaedics, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
Bancha Chernchujit - Thammasat University
Anders Stålman - Capio Artro Clinic Sophiahemmet Private Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
Amit Gilad - Assaf Harofeh Medical Center
Srinivas B S Kambhampati
Silvampatti Ramasamy Sundararajan - Department of Arthroscopy and Sports Medicine, Ganga Medical center &Hospital, Coimbatore, India
Abayo Remy Patrick - Kicukiro District, Kigali city, Rwanda
Juvenal Nshimirimana - Tenga district, Bujumbura city, Burundi
Pisit Lertwanich - Mahidol University
Michael Opoku - BLOCK (Czechia)
Thana Buranapuntaruk - Department of Orthopedics, Chaoprayayomraj Hospital, Suphanburi, Thailand
Leonardo Addeo Ramos - Sports Medicine Center, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Hui Hoi Po James - Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, NUHS Tower Block, Singapore
Terence D'Souza - Department of Arthroscopy and Sports Medicine, Ganga Medical Center & Hospital Pvt Ltd, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
Alberto Grassi - Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli
Mohammad Razi - Iran University of Medical Sciences
Jaime Marino - Pontificia Universidad Javeriana
Manuel Mqsquera - Clinica La Carolina, Bogota, Colombia
Johannes Barth - Centre Ostéo Articulaire des Cèdres, Echirolles, France
Dinshaw N Pardiwala - Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital
Yusheng Li - Xiangya Hospital Central South University
Wenfeng Xiao - Xiangya Hospital Central South University
Yilin Xiong - Xiangya Hospital Central South University
Pan Liu - Xiangya Hospital Central South University
Liu Yang - Chongqing University
Panghu Zhou - Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University
Yan Xu - Peking University Third Hospital
Xizhuang Bai - Department of Sports Medicine and Joint Surgery, The People's Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
Tengbo Yu - Qingdao Municipal Hospital
Chunbao Li - Department of Sports Medicine, The Fourth Center of the PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
Licheng Wei - Fourth Hospital of Changsha
Liangjun Li - Department of Sports Medicine, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, University of South China, Changsha, Hunan, China
Juan Wang - Hebei Medical University
Decheng Shao - Hebei Medical University
Zhenpeng Guan - Peking University Shougang Hospital
Xuesong Dai - Zhejiang University
Jingmin Huang - Tianjin University
Jian Li - West China Hospital of Sichuan University
Weiping Li - Sun Yat-sen University
Guangji Wang - Department of Sports Medicine, Hainan Provincial People's Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, China
Bing Yue - Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Zhizeng Gao - First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University
Lin Guo - Sports Medicine Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
Yinghui Hua - Fudan University
Meng Wu - Lanzhou University Second Hospital
Jing Wang - Hunan Normal University
Xiaofei Zheng - Department of Sports Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Speed Capability, The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Precision Orthopedics and Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
Lunhao Bai - Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, shenyang, Liaoning, China
Jiwu Chen - Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Weihong Zhu - Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University
Qichun Zhao - Department of Sports Medicine, First Affliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, HeFei, Anhui, China
Weiguo Zhang - First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University
Zhiwei Chen - Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
Xiaochun Wei - Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University
Wei Lu - Shenzhen Hospital of Sourthern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
Ziquan Yang - First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University
Qingjun Wei - Guangxi Medical University
Liaobin Chen - Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University
Songcen Lv - Harbin Medical University
Ning Liu - Orthopaedic Hospital
Yongsheng Xu - Inner Mongolia People's Hospital
Yanlin Li - First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University
Xuesong Wang - Beijing Jishuitan Hospital
Hui Zhang - Beijing Jishuitan Hospital
Weidong Xu - Changhai Hospital
Qing Jiang - Nanjing University
Tianlong Huang - Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University
Jiakuo Yu - Tsinghua University
Jiang Zheng - Xi'an Jiaotong University
Keyuan Zhang - First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University
Jianquan Wang - Peking University Third Hospital
Guanghua Lei - Xiangya Hospital Central South University
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: International journal of surgery (London, England), Vol.111(6), pp.4080-4085
DOI: 10.1097/JS9.0000000000002416
PMID: 40277372
PMCID: PMC12165477
NLM abbreviation: Int J Surg
ISSN: 1743-9159
eISSN: 1743-9159
Publisher: Wolters Kluwer Health; PHILADELPHIA
Grant note: National Key Research and Development Plan: 2022YFC3601 900, 2022YFC2505500 National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital: 2021KFJJ06 Hunan Provincial Natural Foundation of China: 2021JJ30040 Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province: 2023SK2024
The National Key Research and Development Plan (2022YFC3601 900, 2022YFC2505500), National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital (2021KFJJ06), Hunan Provincial Natural Foundation of China (2021JJ30040), and Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province (2023SK2024).
Language: English
Electronic publication date: 04/25/2025
Date published: 06/2025
Academic Unit: Orthopedics and Rehabilitation; Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science
Record Identifier: 9984813292202771

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