Maternal hypertension, antihypertensive medication use, and the risk of severe hypospadias

Alissa R Caton; Erin M Bell; Charlotte M Druschel; Martha M Werler; Allen A Mitchell; Marilyn L Browne; Louise-Anne McNutt; Paul A Romitti; Richard S Olney; Adolfo Correa; National Birth Defects Prevention Study

doi:10.1002/bdra.20415

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Maternal hypertension, antihypertensive medication use, and the risk of severe hypospadias

Journal article

Peer reviewed

Maternal hypertension, antihypertensive medication use, and the risk of severe hypospadias

Alissa R Caton, Erin M Bell, Charlotte M Druschel, Martha M Werler, Allen A Mitchell, Marilyn L Browne, Louise-Anne McNutt, Paul A Romitti, Richard S Olney, Adolfo Correa, …

Birth defects research. A Clinical and molecular teratology, Vol.82(1), pp.34-40

01/2008

DOI: 10.1002/bdra.20415

PMID: 18022875

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Abstract

Hypertensive disorders occur in an estimated 5-10% of pregnancies, but few studies have examined birth defects in relation to high blood pressure and antihypertensive medication use. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between high blood pressure, antihypertensive medication use, and severe hypospadias. We used data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, a population-based, multicenter, case-control study of birth defects to assess risks for severe hypospadias in relation to self-reported high blood pressure and prenatal exposures to antihypertensive drugs in 758 male infants with severe hypospadias and 2,058 male controls born between 1997 and 2002. Logistic regression analyses estimated ORs and 95% CIs, adjusted for potential confounders. We observed slight to moderate elevations in the risk of severe hypospadias for maternal untreated hypertension (adjusted OR 2.1; 95% CI: 1.6-2.9) and antihypertensive medication use during 1 month preconception through pregnancy month 4 (adjusted OR 1.4; 95% CI: 0.7-2.9). The association was strongest for subjects initiating medications after the fourth month (adjusted OR 5.0; 95% CI: 1.9-12.9). We observed an association between hypertension, antihypertensive medication use, and the risk of severe hypospadias, particularly when medication use began late in pregnancy. Because hypospadias occurs in early pregnancy, the data suggest that hypertension and its morphologic/physiologic precursors play an etiologic role, perhaps via compromised uteroplacental perfusion. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 2008.

Pregnancy

Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular - drug therapy

Hypospadias - etiology

Humans

Female

Hypertension - drug therapy

Male

Antihypertensive Agents - adverse effects

Details

Title: Subtitle: Maternal hypertension, antihypertensive medication use, and the risk of severe hypospadias
Creators: Alissa R Caton - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University at Albany, Rensselaer, New York, USA. arc05@health.state.ny.us
Erin M Bell
Charlotte M Druschel
Martha M Werler
Allen A Mitchell
Marilyn L Browne
Louise-Anne McNutt
Paul A Romitti
Richard S Olney
Adolfo Correa
National Birth Defects Prevention Study
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Birth defects research. A Clinical and molecular teratology, Vol.82(1), pp.34-40
DOI: 10.1002/bdra.20415
PMID: 18022875
NLM abbreviation: Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol
ISSN: 1542-0752
eISSN: 1542-0760
Publisher: United States
Grant note: U50CCU213244 / PHS HHS
Language: English
Date published: 01/2008
Academic Unit: Epidemiology; Biostatistics
Record Identifier: 9983995162402771

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