Maternal occupational cadmium exposure and nonsyndromic orofacial clefts

Jonathan Suhl; Paul A Romitti; Yanyan Cao; Carissa M Rocheleau; Trudy L Burns; Kristin Conway; Preetha Rajaraman; A J Agopian; Patricia Stewart; National Birth Defects Prevention Study

doi:10.1002/bdr2.1202

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Maternal occupational cadmium exposure and nonsyndromic orofacial clefts

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Maternal occupational cadmium exposure and nonsyndromic orofacial clefts

Jonathan Suhl, Paul A Romitti, Yanyan Cao, Carissa M Rocheleau, Trudy L Burns, Kristin Conway, Preetha Rajaraman, A J Agopian, Patricia Stewart and National Birth Defects Prevention Study

Birth defects research, Vol.110(7), pp.603-609

04/17/2018

DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1202

PMCID: PMC5914503

PMID: 29359414

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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5914503View

Open Access

Abstract

Cigarette smoking is a well-studied risk factor for orofacial clefts (OFCs). Little is known about which constituents in cigarette smoke contribute to this teratogenicity in humans. One constituent, cadmium, has been associated with OFCs in animal studies; in humans, the role of maternal cadmium exposure on OFCs, independent of cigarette smoke, is unclear. In particular, the relation between maternal occupational cadmium exposure and OFCs is largely unexplored. Using data from a large, population-based case-control study, we compared expert rater assessed maternal occupational cadmium exposure from self-reported occupational histories during the period 1 month before through 3 months after conception between OFC cases (n = 1,185) and unaffected controls (n = 2,832). Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals for any (yes/no) and cumulative (no, low, high exposure) occupational cadmium exposures and all OFCs, cleft lip ± cleft palate (CL/P) and cleft palate (CP). Overall, 45 mothers (cases = 13, controls = 32) were rated as having occupational cadmium exposure. Comparing all OFCs to controls, we observed inverse, nonsignificant aORs for any or low exposure, and positive, nonsignificant aORs for high exposure. Where data were available, aORs for CL/P and CP tended to parallel those for all OFCs. To our knowledge, this is the first study to specifically examine maternal occupational cadmium exposure and OFCs, using expert rater exposure assessment. The small numbers of exposed mothers observed, however, led to imprecise estimates. Continued research using more detailed occupational exposure assessment and increased sample sizes is recommended.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced - etiology

Adult

Cadmium - adverse effects

Case-Control Studies

Cleft Lip - chemically induced

Cleft Palate - chemically induced

Female

Humans

Logistic Models

Male

Maternal Exposure - adverse effects

Middle Aged

Occupational Exposure - adverse effects

Details

Title: Subtitle: Maternal occupational cadmium exposure and nonsyndromic orofacial clefts
Creators: Jonathan Suhl - Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
Paul A Romitti - Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
Yanyan Cao - Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
Carissa M Rocheleau - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, Ohio
Trudy L Burns - Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
Kristin Conway - Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
Preetha Rajaraman - Office of Global Affairs, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, District of Columbia
A J Agopian - Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UT Health School of Public Health, Houston, Texas
Patricia Stewart - Stewart Exposure Assessments, LLC, Arlington, Virginia
National Birth Defects Prevention Study
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Birth defects research, Vol.110(7), pp.603-609
DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1202
PMID: 29359414
PMCID: PMC5914503
NLM abbreviation: Birth Defects Res
ISSN: 2472-1727
eISSN: 2472-1727
Publisher: Wiley
Grant note: U01 DD000492 / NCBDD CDC HHS T42 OH008491 / NIOSH CDC HHS P30 ES005605 / NIEHS NIH HHS U01DD001035 / ACL HHS CC999999 / Intramural CDC HHS U01 DD001035 / NCBDD CDC HHS
Language: English
Date published: 04/17/2018
Academic Unit: Epidemiology; Biostatistics; Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center
Record Identifier: 9984216737202771

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