Journal article
Maternal vitamin B-6 and folate status and risk of oral cleft birth defects in the Philippines
Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology, Vol.66(6), pp.464-471
07/2004
DOI: 10.1002/bdra.20037
PMID: 15259036
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Vitamin deficiencies induce oral clefts in animal experiments, but the role of specific nutrients in human oral clefts is uncertain.
METHODS
Associations between maternal vitamin B-6 and folate status and risk of nonsyndromic cleft lip, with or without cleft palate (CL/P), were examined in case–control studies at two sites in the Philippines—Negros Occidental and Davao. Cases were mothers of affected children and control mothers were those who had no children with oral clefts.
RESULTS
The risk of having a CL/P-affected child increased with increasing tertile of vitamin B-6 deficiency in both Negros Occidental and Davao (odds ratios [ORs] and 95% confidence intervals [CIs] for sites combined = 1.0 [reference], OR, 2.94; 95% CI, 1.51–5.73; OR, 4.98; 95% CI, 2.56–9.67). Poor B-6 status had a stronger association with CL/P among mothers with lower versus higher plasma folate levels. Increasing tertiles of plasma folate were marginally associated with an increased risk of clefts in both sites combined (1.0 [reference]; OR, 1.58; 95% CI, 0.93–2.68; OR, 1.59; 95% CI, 0.94–2.70). Increasing tertiles of erythrocyte folate were associated with a decreased risk of CL/P in Negros Occidental (1.0 [reference]; OR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.13–0.90; OR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.20–1.09) and an increased risk in Davao (1.0 [reference]; OR, 1.23; 95% CI, 0.54–2.81; OR, 4.85; 95% CI, 2.24–10.50). The inconsistent associations between folate status and CL/P risk appeared to be a result of statistical interaction between folate, vitamin B-6, and case–control status that produced different results in study areas of higher versus lower prevalence of vitamin B-6 deficiency.
CONCLUSIONS
Poor maternal vitamin B-6 status was consistently associated with an increased risk of CL/P at two sites in the Philippines. Folate-CL/P associations were inconsistent and may be related to the vitamin B-6 status or other characteristics of the populations under study
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Maternal vitamin B-6 and folate status and risk of oral cleft birth defects in the Philippines
- Creators
- Ronald G. Munger - Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UtahHowerde E. Sauberlich - Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AlabamaChristopher Corcoran - Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Utah State University, Logan, UtahBuena Nepomuceno - HOPE Foundation of Negros Occidental, Bacolod City, PhilippinesSandra Daack-Hirsch - University of Iowa, NursingFlorentino S. Solon - Nutrition Center of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology, Vol.66(6), pp.464-471
- Publisher
- Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company
- DOI
- 10.1002/bdra.20037
- PMID
- 15259036
- ISSN
- 1542-0752
- eISSN
- 1096-9926
- Number of pages
- 8
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 07/2004
- Academic Unit
- Nursing; Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center; Public Policy Center (Archive)
- Record Identifier
- 9983557171802771
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