Journal article
Medications used to treat nausea and vomiting of pregnancy and the risk of selected birth defects
Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology, Vol.66(1), pp.22-30
01/2012
DOI: 10.1002/bdra.22865
PMCID: PMC3299087
PMID: 22102545
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) occurs in up to 80% of pregnant women, but its association with birth outcomes is not clear. Several medications are used for the treatment of NVP; however, data are limited on their possible associations with birth defects. METHODS Using data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS)—a multi-site, population-based, case-control study—we examined whether NVP or its treatment was associated with the most common noncardiac defects in the NBDPS (nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate [CL/P], cleft palate alone [CP], neural tube defects, and hypospadias) compared with randomly selected nonmalformed live births. RESULTS Among the 4524 cases and 5859 controls included in this study, 67.1% reported first-trimester NVP, and 15.4% of them reported using at least one agent for NVP. Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy was not associated with CP or neural tube defects, but modest risk reductions were observed for CL/P (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.77–0.98) and hypospadias (aOR = 0.84; 95% CI, 0.72–0.98). Regarding treatments for NVP in the first trimester, the following adjusted associations were observed with an increased risk: proton pump inhibitors and hypospadias (aOR = 4.36; 95% CI, 1.21–15.81), steroids and hypospadias (aOR = 2.87; 95% CI, 1.03–7.97), and ondansetron and CP (aOR = 2.37; 95% CI, 1.18–4.76), whereas antacids were associated with a reduced risk for CL/P (aOR = 0.58; 95% CI, 0.38–0.89). CONCLUSIONS NVP was not observed to be associated with an increased risk of birth defects; however, possible risks related to three treatments (i.e., proton pump inhibitors, steroids and ondansetron), which could be chance findings, warrant further investigation
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Medications used to treat nausea and vomiting of pregnancy and the risk of selected birth defects
- Creators
- Marlene Anderka - Center for Birth Defects Research and Prevention at the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston, MassachusettsAllen A Mitchell - Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, MassachusettsCarol Louik - Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, MassachusettsMartha M Werler - Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, MassachusettsSonia Hernández-Diaz - Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, MassachusettsSonja A Rasmussen - The National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GeorgiaNational Birth Defects Prevention Study
- Contributors
- Paul A Romitti (Contributor) - University of Iowa, Epidemiology
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology, Vol.66(1), pp.22-30
- DOI
- 10.1002/bdra.22865
- PMID
- 22102545
- PMCID
- PMC3299087
- NLM abbreviation
- Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol
- ISSN
- 1542-0752
- eISSN
- 1096-9926
- Publisher
- Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company
- Number of pages
- 9
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 01/2012
- Academic Unit
- Epidemiology; Biostatistics
- Record Identifier
- 9984214850202771
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