Metabolomics-Based Biomarker for Dietary Fat and Associations with Chronic Disease Risk in Postmenopausal Women

Ross L. Prentice; Sowmya Vasan; Lesley F. Tinker; Marian L. Neuhouser; Sandi L. Navarro; Daniel Raftery; G.A. Nagana Gowda; Mary Pettinger; Aaron K. Aragaki; Johanna W. Lampe; Ying Huang; Linda Van Horn; JoAnn E. Manson; Robert Wallace; Yasmin Mossavar-Rahmani; Jean Wactawski-Wende; Simin Liu; Linda Snetselaar; Barbara V. Howard; Rowan T. Chlebowski; Cheng Zheng

doi:10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.05.021

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Metabolomics-Based Biomarker for Dietary Fat and Associations with Chronic Disease Risk in Postmenopausal Women

Journal article

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Metabolomics-Based Biomarker for Dietary Fat and Associations with Chronic Disease Risk in Postmenopausal Women

Ross L. Prentice, Sowmya Vasan, Lesley F. Tinker, Marian L. Neuhouser, Sandi L. Navarro, Daniel Raftery, G.A. Nagana Gowda, Mary Pettinger, Aaron K. Aragaki, Johanna W. Lampe, …

The Journal of nutrition, Vol.153(9), pp.2651-2662

09/2023

DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.05.021

PMCID: PMC10517226

PMID: 37245660

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Abstract

The Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) randomized, controlled Dietary Modification (DM) trial of a low-fat dietary pattern suggested intervention benefits related to breast cancer, coronary heart disease (CHD), and diabetes. Here we use WHI observational data for the further insight into the chronic disease implications of adopting this type of low-fat dietary pattern. We aim to use our earlier work on metabolomics-based biomarkers of carbohydrate and protein to develop a fat intake biomarker by subtraction; to use the resulting biomarker to develop calibration equations that adjusts self-reported fat intake for measurement error; and to study associations of biomarker-calibrated fat intake with chronic disease risk in WHI cohorts. Corresponding studies for specific fatty acids will follow separately. Prospective disease association results are presented using WHI cohorts of postmenopausal women, aged 50-79 when enrolled at 40 U.S. clinical centers. Biomarker equations were developed using an embedded human feeding study (n=153). Calibration equations were developed using a WHI nutritional biomarker study (n=436). Calibrated intakes were associated with cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes incidence in WHI cohorts (n=81,954) over an approximate 20-year follow-up period. A biomarker for fat density was developed by subtracting protein, carbohydrate, and alcohol densities from one. A calibration equation was developed for fat density. Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for 20% higher fat density were 1.16 (1.06, 1.27) for breast cancer, 1.13 (1.02, 1.26) for CHD, and 1.19 (1.13, 1.26) for diabetes, in substantial agreement with findings from the DM trial. With control for additional dietary variables, especially fiber, fat density was no longer associated with CHD, with HR (95% confidence interval) of 1.00 (0.88, 1.13), while that for breast cancer was 1.11 (1.00, 1.24). WlHI observational data support prior DM trial findings of low-fat dietary pattern benefits in this population of postmenopausal U.S. women. This study is registered with clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT00000611.

Cardiovascular Disease

Diabetes

biomarker

cancer

dietary fat

fat density

measurement error

Details

Title: Subtitle: Metabolomics-Based Biomarker for Dietary Fat and Associations with Chronic Disease Risk in Postmenopausal Women
Creators: Ross L. Prentice - Fred Hutch Cancer Center
Sowmya Vasan - Fred Hutch Cancer Center
Lesley F. Tinker - Fred Hutch Cancer Center
Marian L. Neuhouser - Fred Hutch Cancer Center
Sandi L. Navarro - Fred Hutch Cancer Center
Daniel Raftery - University of Washington
G.A. Nagana Gowda - University of Washington
Mary Pettinger - Fred Hutch Cancer Center
Aaron K. Aragaki - Fred Hutch Cancer Center
Johanna W. Lampe - Fred Hutch Cancer Center
Ying Huang - Fred Hutch Cancer Center
Linda Van Horn - Northwestern University
JoAnn E. Manson - Brigham and Women's Hospital
Robert Wallace - University of Iowa
Yasmin Mossavar-Rahmani - Albert Einstein College of Medicine
Jean Wactawski-Wende - University at Buffalo, State University of New York
Simin Liu - Brown University
Linda Snetselaar - University of Iowa
Barbara V. Howard - Georgetown University Medical Center
Rowan T. Chlebowski - Harvard University
Cheng Zheng - University of Nebraska Medical Center
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: The Journal of nutrition, Vol.153(9), pp.2651-2662
DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.05.021
PMID: 37245660
PMCID: PMC10517226
NLM abbreviation: J Nutr
ISSN: 0022-3166
eISSN: 1541-6100
Publisher: Elsevier Inc
Grant note: DOI: 10.13039/100000016, name: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; DOI: 10.13039/100000050, name: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, award: 75N92021D00001, 75N92021D00002, 75N92021D00003, 75N92021D00004, 75N92021D00005; DOI: 10.13039/100000054, name: National Cancer Institute, award: P30 CA15704, R01 CA119171, S10 OD021562; DOI: 10.13039/100000062, name: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, award: P30DK035816; DOI: 10.13039/100000002, name: National Institutes of Health
Language: English
Electronic publication date: 05/26/2023
Date published: 09/2023
Academic Unit: Epidemiology; Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center; Injury Prevention Research Center; Internal Medicine
Record Identifier: 9984420933202771

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