Journal article
MicroRNA: Dynamic Regulators of Macrophage Polarization and Plasticity
Frontiers in immunology, Vol.8, pp.1062-1062
08/31/2017
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01062
PMCID: PMC5583156
PMID: 28912781
Abstract
The ability of a healthy immune system to clear the plethora of antigens it encounters incessantly relies on the enormous plasticity displayed by the comprising cell types. Macrophages (M Phi s) are crucial member of the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) that constantly patrol the peripheral tissues and are actively recruited to the sites of injury and infection. In tissues, infiltrating monocytes replenish M Phi. Under the guidance of the local micro-milieu, M Phi can be activated to acquire specialized functional phenotypes. Similar to T cells, functional polarization of macrophage phenotype viz., inflammatory (M1) and reparative (M2) is proposed. Equipped with diverse toll-like receptors (TLRs), these cells of the innate arm of immunity recognize and phagocytize antigens and secrete cytokines that activate the adaptive arm of the immune system and perform key roles in wound repair. Dysregulation of M Phi plasticity has been associated with various diseases and infection. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as critical regulators of transcriptome output. Their importance in maintaining health, and their contribution toward disease, encompasses virtually all aspects of human biology. Our understanding of miRNA-mediated regulation of M Phi plasticity and polarization can be utilized to modulate functional phenotypes to counter their role in the pathogenesis of numerous disease, including cancer, autoimmunity, periodontitis, etc. Here, we provide an overview of current knowledge regarding the role of miRNA in shaping MF polarization and plasticity through targeting of various pathways and genes. Identification of miRNA biomarkers of diagnostic/prognostic value and their therapeutic potential by delivery of miRNA mimics or inhibitors to dynamically alter gene expression profiles in vivo is highlighted.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- MicroRNA: Dynamic Regulators of Macrophage Polarization and Plasticity
- Creators
- Jezrom Bokcaerin Self-Fordham - University of Illinois ChicagoAfsar Raza Naqvi - University of Illinois ChicagoJuhi Raju Uttamani - University of Illinois ChicagoVarun Kulkarni - University of Illinois ChicagoSalvador Nares - University of Illinois Chicago
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Frontiers in immunology, Vol.8, pp.1062-1062
- DOI
- 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01062
- PMID
- 28912781
- PMCID
- PMC5583156
- NLM abbreviation
- Front Immunol
- ISSN
- 1664-3224
- eISSN
- 1664-3224
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media Sa
- Number of pages
- 18
- Grant note
- R21DE026259 / NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DENTAL & CRANIOFACIAL RESEARCH; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) R01 DE02105201A1; R21 DE026259-01A1 / NIH/NIDCR; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research (NIDCR)
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 08/31/2017
- Academic Unit
- Periodontics
- Record Identifier
- 9984367753202771
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