Microvascular Dysfunction and Cognitive Impairment

T Michael De Silva; Frank M Faraci

doi:10.1007/s10571-015-0308-1

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Microvascular Dysfunction and Cognitive Impairment

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Microvascular Dysfunction and Cognitive Impairment

T Michael De Silva and Frank M Faraci

Cellular and molecular neurobiology, Vol.36(2), pp.241-258

03/2016

DOI: 10.1007/s10571-015-0308-1

PMCID: PMC4846472

PMID: 26988697

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Abstract

The impact of vascular risk factors on cognitive function has garnered much interest in recent years. The appropriate distribution of oxygen, glucose, and other nutrients by the cerebral vasculature is critical for proper cognitive performance. The cerebral microvasculature is a key site of vascular resistance and a preferential target for small vessel disease. While deleterious effects of vascular risk factors on microvascular function are known, the contribution of this dysfunction to cognitive deficits is less clear. In this review, we summarize current evidence for microvascular dysfunction in brain. We highlight effects of select vascular risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, and hyperhomocysteinemia) on the pial and parenchymal circulation. Lastly, we discuss potential links between microvascular disease and cognitive function, highlighting current gaps in our understanding.

Microcirculation

Microvessels - physiopathology

Cognition Disorders - physiopathology

Vascular Resistance

Animals

Humans

Risk Factors

Cardiovascular Diseases - pathology

Details

Title: Subtitle: Microvascular Dysfunction and Cognitive Impairment
Creators: T Michael De Silva - Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, 9 Ancora Imparo Way, Clayton, VIC, Australia
Frank M Faraci - Department of Internal Medicine, 340F EMRB, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242-1081, USA. frank-faraci@uiowa.edu
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Cellular and molecular neurobiology, Vol.36(2), pp.241-258
DOI: 10.1007/s10571-015-0308-1
PMID: 26988697
PMCID: PMC4846472
NLM abbreviation: Cell Mol Neurobiol
ISSN: 0272-4340
eISSN: 1573-6830
Publisher: United States
Grant note: I01 BX001399 / BLRD VA R01 HL113863 / NHLBI NIH HHS P01 HL062984 / NHLBI NIH HHS
Language: English
Date published: 03/2016
Academic Unit: Cardiovascular Medicine; Neuroscience and Pharmacology; Internal Medicine
Record Identifier: 9984040466402771

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