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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Phosphatase-1 Controls PD-L1 Expression by Regulating Type I Interferon during Systemic Escherichia coli Infection
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Phosphatase-1 Controls PD-L1 Expression by Regulating Type I Interferon during Systemic Escherichia coli Infection

Timothy J Barley, Parker R Murphy, Xiantao Wang, Bridget A Bowman, Justin M Mormol, Carli E Mager, Sean G Kirk, Charles J Cash, Sarah C Linn, Xiaomei Meng, …
The Journal of biological chemistry, Vol.298(5), 101938
04/13/2022
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101938
PMCID: PMC9108994
PMID: 35429501
url
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101938View
Published (Version of record) Open Access

Abstract

Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase (Mkp)a-1 knockout (KO) mice produce elevated cytokines and exhibit increased mortality and bacterial burden following systemic E. coli infection. To understand how Mkp-1 affects immune defense, we analyzed the RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) datasets previously generated from control and E. coli-infected Mkp-1+/+ and Mkp-1-/- mice. We found that E. coli infection markedly induced Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, and that Mkp-1 deficiency further amplified PD-L1 expression. Administration of a PD-L1-neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mAb) to Mkp-1-/- mice increased the mortality of the animals following E. coli infection, although bacterial burden was decreased. Additionally, the PD-L1-neutralizing mAb increased serum interferon (IFN)-γ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, as well as lung and liver inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) levels, suggesting an enhanced inflammatory response. Interestingly, neutralization of IFN-α/β receptor 1 (IFNAR1) blocked PD-L1 induction in Mkp-1-/- mice following E. coli infection. PD-L1 was potently induced in macrophages by E. coli and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in vitro, and Mkp-1 deficiency exacerbated PD-L1 induction with little effect on the half-life of PD-L1 mRNA. In contrast, inhibitors of Janus kinase (JAK) 1/2 and Tyrosine kinase (TYK) 2, as well as the IFNAR1-neutralizing mAb, markedly attenuated PD-L1 induction. These results suggest that the beneficial effect of type I IFNs in E. coli-infected Mkp-1-/- mice is, at least in part, mediated by JAK/Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-driven PD-L1 induction. Our studies also support the notion that enhanced PD-L1 expression contributes to the bactericidal defect of Mkp-1-/- mice.
Inflammation Infection interferon phosphatase sepsis

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