Multiple Routes to Control in the Prime-Target Task: Congruence Sequence Effects Emerge Due to Modulation of Irrelevant Prime Activity and Utilization of Temporal Order Information

David Dignath; Andrea Kiesel; Eliot Hazeltine; Moritz Schiltenwolf

doi:10.5334/joc.143

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Multiple Routes to Control in the Prime-Target Task: Congruence Sequence Effects Emerge Due to Modulation of Irrelevant Prime Activity and Utilization of Temporal Order Information

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Multiple Routes to Control in the Prime-Target Task: Congruence Sequence Effects Emerge Due to Modulation of Irrelevant Prime Activity and Utilization of Temporal Order Information

David Dignath, Andrea Kiesel, Eliot Hazeltine and Moritz Schiltenwolf

Journal of cognition, Vol.4(1), 18

03/01/2021

DOI: 10.5334/joc.143

PMCID: PMC7954176

PMID: 33748663

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Abstract

In interference tasks, the magnitude of the congruency effect is reduced in trials that follow an incongruent trial. This congruence sequence effect (CSE) reflects cognitive control processes, yet accounts disagree when and how control is exerted. Here, we address these questions in the context of the prime-target task. In this task, control can either modulate early prime or late target information. Furthermore, control can utilize information specific to the stimulus (perceptual features) or relational information between stimuli (temporal order). Two experiments (N = 41 | N = 62) were conducted using a prime-target task with arrows (prime) and letters (target). We presented either the prime before the target or the target before the prime. For both trial-type transitions, the CSE was assessed. Regarding the first question, when is control exerted, results showed a larger CSE for prime→target relative to target→prime trials. This suggests that control in the prime-target task modulates prime activity. Regarding the second question, how is control exerted, a combined analysis of both experiments showed a larger CSE for repetition of the same prime and target order across two trials (e.g., previous trial: prime→target; current trial: prime→target) compared to changes (e.g., previous trial: prime→target; current trial: target→prime), suggesting that control in the prime-target task can employ temporal selection.

Cognitive Psychology

Psychology

Cognition

Congruence (geometry)

Context (language use)

Control (linguistics)

Perception

Prime (order theory)

Stimulus (physiology)

Task (project management)

Details

Title: Subtitle: Multiple Routes to Control in the Prime-Target Task: Congruence Sequence Effects Emerge Due to Modulation of Irrelevant Prime Activity and Utilization of Temporal Order Information
Creators: David Dignath - University of Tübingen
Andrea Kiesel - University of Freiburg
Eliot Hazeltine - University of Iowa
Moritz Schiltenwolf - University of Freiburg
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Journal of cognition, Vol.4(1), 18
DOI: 10.5334/joc.143
PMID: 33748663
PMCID: PMC7954176
NLM abbreviation: J Cogn
ISSN: 2514-4820
eISSN: 2514-4820
Publisher: Ubiquity Press
Language: English
Date published: 03/01/2021
Academic Unit: Psychological and Brain Sciences; Iowa Neuroscience Institute
Record Identifier: 9984530391002771

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