Journal article
Muscular, skeletal, and neural adaptations following spinal cord injury
The journal of orthopaedic and sports physical therapy, Vol.32(2), pp.65-74
02/2002
DOI: 10.2519/jospt.2002.32.2.65
PMCID: PMC4693289
PMID: 11838582
Abstract
Spinal cord injury is associated with adaptations to the muscular, skeletal, and spinal systems. Experimental data are lacking regarding the extent to which rehabilitative methods may influence these adaptations. An understanding of the plasticity of the muscular, skeletal, and spinal systems after paralysis may be important as new rehabilitative technologies emerge in the 21st century. Moreover, individuals injured today may become poor candidates for future scientific advancements (cure) if their neuromusculoskeletal systems are irreversibly impaired. The primary purpose of this paper is to explore the physiological properties of skeletal muscle as a result of spinal cord injury; secondarily, to consider associated changes at the skeletal and spinal levels. Muscular adaptations include a transformation to faster myosin, increased contractile speeds, shift to the right on the torque-frequency curve, increased fatigue, and enhanced doublet potentiation. These muscular adaptations may be prevented in individuals with acute paralysis and partially reversed in individuals with chronic paralysis. Moreover, the muscular changes may be coordinated with motor unit and spinal circuitry adaptations. Concurrently, skeletal adaptations, as measured by bone mineral density, show extensive loss within the first six months after paralysis. The underlying science governing neuromusculoskeletal adaptations after paralysis will help guide professionals as new rehabilitation strategies evolve in the future.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Muscular, skeletal, and neural adaptations following spinal cord injury
- Creators
- Richard K Shields - Physical Therapy Graduate Program, The University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242-1008, USA. richard-shields@uiowa.edu
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- The journal of orthopaedic and sports physical therapy, Vol.32(2), pp.65-74
- DOI
- 10.2519/jospt.2002.32.2.65
- PMID
- 11838582
- PMCID
- PMC4693289
- NLM abbreviation
- J Orthop Sports Phys Ther
- ISSN
- 0190-6011
- eISSN
- 1938-1344
- Publisher
- United States
- Grant note
- R01 HD039445 / NICHD NIH HHS R01HD39445 / NICHD NIH HHS
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 02/2002
- Academic Unit
- Orthopedics and Rehabilitation; Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science
- Record Identifier
- 9984046808402771
Metrics
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