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Musical memory in a patient with severe anterograde amnesia
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

Musical memory in a patient with severe anterograde amnesia

Sara Cavaco, Justin S Feinstein, Henk van Twillert and Daniel Tranel
Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology, Vol.34(10), pp.1089-1100
12/01/2012
DOI: 10.1080/13803395.2012.728568
PMCID: PMC3919540
PMID: 23036073
url
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3919540View
Open Access

Abstract

The ability to play a musical instrument represents a unique procedural skill that can be remarkably resilient to disruptions in declarative memory. For example, musicians with severe anterograde amnesia have demonstrated preserved ability to play musical instruments. However, the question of whether amnesic musicians can learn how to play new musical material despite severe memory impairment has not been thoroughly investigated. We capitalized on a rare opportunity to address this question. Patient S.Z., an amateur musician (tenor saxophone), has extensive bilateral damage to his medial temporal lobes following herpes simplex encephalitis, resulting in a severe anterograde amnesia. We tested S.Z.'s capacity to learn new unfamiliar songs by sight-reading following three months of biweekly practices. Performances were recorded and were then evaluated by a professional saxophonist. S.Z. demonstrated significant improvement in his ability to read and play new music, despite his inability to recognize any of the songs at a declarative level. The results suggest that it is possible to learn certain aspects of new music without the assistance of declarative memory.
 Amnesia Emotion Memory Music Skill learning

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