Journal article
Nanosecond laser-based high-throughput surface nanostructuring (nHSN)
Applied surface science, Vol.507, p.145136
03/30/2020
DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.145136
Abstract
•nHSN process achieves surface nanostructures and desired chemistry for extreme wettability.•Nanostructuring mechanism is a combined effect of chemical etching and attachment of functional groups.•Wettability is finely tuned by adjusting laser parameters in NLT step and choosing silane reagent in CIT step.•Superhydrophobicity and superhydrophilicity is demonstrated for aluminum, steel and titanium alloys.•nHSN process increases laser-processing rate by two orders enabling large-area processing for practical throughput.
We present a novel nanosecond laser-based high-throughput surface nanostructuring (nHSN) process that can simultaneously create random nanostructures and attain desirable surface chemistry over large-area metal alloy surfaces. nHSN consists of two sequential steps: (1) nanosecond laser texturing (NLT) and (2) chemical immersion treatment (CIT). NLT step in water confinement (wNLT) does not generate topological patterns but preconditions the metal surface chemically and mechanically. Our analysis shows that surface nanostructuring results from a combined effect of chemical etching and attachment of functional groups during the CIT phase of nHSN. A proper silane reagent can be selected for the CIT phase to achieve the desired surface wetting behavior, while laser parameters can also be adjusted during the NLT phase to finely tune the nanostructuring mechanism. nHSN nanostructures with fluorosilane chemistry repel water, while those with cyanosilane chemistry attract water. Extreme wettability including superhydrophobicity and superhydrophilicity is assessed for multiple engineering metal alloys including aluminum, steel and titanium alloys. Compared with existing ultrashort laser-based surface-texturing methods, the nHSN laser scan time represents a significant improvement in processing efficiency and enables a practical throughput for large-area processing of engineering alloys.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Nanosecond laser-based high-throughput surface nanostructuring (nHSN)
- Creators
- Qinghua Wang - Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USAAvik Samanta - Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USAScott K Shaw - Department of Chemistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USAHui Hu - Department of Aerospace Engineering, Iowa State University, 2271 Howe Hall, Room 1200, Ames, IA 50011, USAHongtao Ding - Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Applied surface science, Vol.507, p.145136
- Publisher
- Elsevier B.V
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.145136
- ISSN
- 0169-4332
- eISSN
- 1873-5584
- Grant note
- DOI: 10.13039/100000001, name: National Science Foundation, award: CMMI-1762353
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 03/30/2020
- Academic Unit
- Iowa Technology Institute; Mechanical Engineering; Chemistry
- Record Identifier
- 9984066113102771
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