Logo image
Nerve Growth Factor Signaling Tunes Axon Maintenance Protein Abundance and Kinetics of Wallerian Degeneration
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

Nerve Growth Factor Signaling Tunes Axon Maintenance Protein Abundance and Kinetics of Wallerian Degeneration

Joseph A Danos, Merve Addemir, Lily McGettigan and Daniel W Summers
Molecular biology of the cell, Vol.36(4), ar46
04/01/2025
DOI: 10.1091/mbc.E25-01-0005
PMCID: PMC12005098
PMID: 39969989
url
https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E25-01-0005View
Published (Version of record) Open Access

Abstract

Neurotrophic factors are critical for establishing functional connectivity in the nervous system and sustaining neuronal survival through adulthood. As the first neurotrophic factor purified, nerve growth factor (NGF) is extensively studied for its prolific role in axon outgrowth, pruning, and survival. Applying NGF to diseased neuronal tissue is an exciting therapeutic option and understanding how NGF regulates local axon susceptibility to pathological degeneration is critical for exploiting its full potential. Our study identifies surprising connections between NGF signaling and proteostasis of axon maintenance factors. NGF deprivation increases Nmnat2 and Stmn2 protein levels in axon segments with a corresponding delay in Wallerian degeneration. Conversely, acute NGF stimulation reduces local abundance of these axon maintenance factors and accelerates Wallerian degeneration. Pharmacological studies implicate phospholipase C as the key effector in TrkA activation, which drives degradation of palmitoylated Stmn2. While seemingly opposed to neuroprotective activities well-documented for NGF, downregulating Nmnat2 and Stmn2 favors axonal outgrowth over transient hyper-susceptibility to Sarm1-dependent degeneration. This new facet of NGF biology has important implications for axonal remodeling during development and sustained integrity through adulthood.

Details

Metrics

Logo image